超级杂交早稻分蘖期低温胁迫效应研究  

Effects of Tillering Stage Low Temperature Stress on Super Hybrid Early Rice

作　　者：宋忠华 张艳贵 黄晚华 刘彬彧 颜盛 周玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省长沙农业气象试验站,长沙410125 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,长沙410118 [3]中国气象局气象干部培训学院湖南分院,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第36期22-27,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项"超级稻超高产栽培气象保障技术研究"(GYHY201206045);公益性行业(气象)科研专项"长江中下游高产优质双季稻主要农业气象灾害指标试验研究"(GYHY201006025)

摘　　要：分蘖是影响水稻穗数进而影响单产的重要农艺性状,气象条件对分蘖有很大影响。为了研究超级杂交早稻分蘖期低温对分蘖的影响,以中熟超级杂交早稻组合‘淦鑫203’为材料,利用人工气候箱,采用人工控制方法,在分蘖始期进行温度和持续时间双因子胁迫试验,借助统计分析、多重比较、聚类分析等手段,分析了总穗数、有效穗的差异及其与温度和低温天数的关系。结果表明:总穗数、有效穗随温度的降低而减少,温度差异造成的总穗数、有效穗差异极其显著,分蘖期温度低于19℃,对分蘖极为不利;总穗数、有效穗随低温天数的增加而减少,但差异不显著,短时间的低温天气对分蘖的不利影响,同样不容忽视。Tillering is an important agronomic trait which influences rice panicle number and yield, and meteorological conditions have great influence on tillering stage. To study effects of tillering stage low temperature on super hybrid early rice tillering, this paper uses medium super hybrid early rice combined ＇Ganxin 203＇ as the material, artificial climate box as test equipment, and adopts manual control method to have the stress test of the double factors （i.e. temperature and duration） at the tillering beginning stage. With the aid of methods such as statistical analysis, multiple comparison, cluster analysis and so on, the paper analyzes the differences between total spike number and effective panicle number, and their relationship with temperature and low temperature days. The results showed that, total spike number and effective panicle number reduce with the decrease of temperature, the differences of total spike number and effective panicle number caused by temperature difference are extremely significant, and temperatures lower than 19℃ at the tillering stage do great harm to tillering; while total spike number and effective panicle number reduce with the increase of low temperature days, but the differences were not obvious, and the adverse effects of short-time cold weather could not be ignored.

关 键 词：超级稻 早稻 分蘖性状 临界低温 聚类 

分 类 号：S429[农业科学—植物保护]