不同滴灌定额对玉米光合性能及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Quota on Photosynthetic Performance and Water Use Efficiency of Maize

作　　者：梁哲军[1] 齐宏立[1] 王玉香[1] 董鹏[1] 张冬梅[1] 杨印斌[1] 南雪琴[1] 赵海祯[1] 席天元[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第36期74-78,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省农科院重点项目"晋南夏玉米高产栽培技术研究"(YZD1006);玉米公益性行业专项"农作物抵御季节性干旱技术研究与示范"(20120301)

摘　　要：为了探索夏玉米滴灌条件下灌溉定额与灌溉周期,建立适宜的灌溉制度。以‘郑单958’为试验材料,采用地表滴灌,研究了不同生育时期、不同灌水定额对夏玉米生长发育、光合性能、产量及水分利用效率的影响。研究表明,玉米株高、穗位高、最大叶面积系数随灌溉量增加而增加;除灌溉量最小的模式(DI-5)外,各模式间穗位叶光合速率、蒸腾强度差异不显著;玉米穗位叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值)下降速度随灌溉量增加而降低;玉米穗行数、行粒数、千粒重随灌溉定额降低而下降显著。通过分析不同灌溉模式的产量、水分利用效率及经济效益,认为DI-2灌溉模式比较适宜。研究结果可为山西南部夏玉米节水高产栽培技术及滴灌制度提供参考。In order to research irrigation quota and irrigation cycle of summer maize under drip irrigation condition and establish suitable irrigation system, a field experiment with ＇Zhengdan 958＇ cultivar was conducted to evaluate the effects of different drip irrigation quota in different growth stage on growth and development, photosynthetic performance, yield and water use efficiency of maize. The results showed that, as irrigation quota increased, plant height, ear height and the largest leaf area index increased. There were no significant differences in photosynthetic performance of maize ear leaf in silking stage among four better irrigation quota treatments, and the transpiration rates were the same. The descending rate of maize leaf chlorophyll content （SPAD value） in later growth stage decreased with the increase of irrigation quota. With the irrigation quota decreased, ear rows, kernels per row, 1000-grain weight decreased significantly. The D1-2 model was considered more optimum by analyzing yield, WUE and economic benefit. The results can provide a reference for summer corn yield cultivation techniques and water-saving drip irrigation system in southern Shanxi.

关 键 词：滴灌定额 夏玉米 光合性能 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S3[农业科学—农艺学]