祛魅与颠倒：两种唯物主义的方法论根源-兼论《黑格尔法哲学批判》的奠基性意义  

Dispelling Demon and Reversing as Tow Methodological Sources of Materialism

作　　者：鲁品越[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学现代经济哲学研究中心 [2]上海财经大学 [3]中国人学学会 [4]全国经济哲学研究会

出　　处：《学术研究》2014年第12期1-6,159+169,共6页Academic Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“《资本论》哲学思想及其当代价值研究”(12AZD066)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：近现代欧洲唯物主义有两条诞生路径。英国和法国的唯物主义哲学家通过对唯心主义进行理性化的祛魅,以得到外在于人的意识的客观世界,最终产生的是形而上学唯物主义。马克思对德国唯心主义进行以社会关系为中心环节的两个层次的"颠倒",首先把宗教归结为"人的世界、国家和社会"的产物,再把国家归结为市民社会的产物,从而形成的是关于精神与物质关系上的唯物主义,是能动的、历史的和辩证的"新唯物主义"。由此可以彻底地理解马克思的"新唯物主义"的本质特征,以及它与旧唯物主义的根本区别的发生根基。There were two routs for generation of modern European materialism. The English and French materialist philosophers dispelled the idealist demon theoretically, which reached the objective world outside the human consciousness and generated the metaphysical materialism. Marx reversed Germanic idealism at two levels around social relationship. First, he classified religion as a product of the human world, state and society, and secondly, he classified the state as a product of citizen society. His classification formed the materialism about the relationship of spirit and matter, which is a new materialism with dynamic, historic and dialectic natures. A-long the two routs, we may thoroughly comprehend the essential characteristic of Marx 's new materialism and the original base which caused its basic differentiation from the old materialism.

关 键 词：旧唯物主义 新唯物主义 宗教 市民社会 异化 

分 类 号：B02[哲学宗教—哲学理论]