全球价值链下的产业升级:基于汽车产业的国际比较  

Industrial Upgrading in the Global Value Chains:a Comparative Study Based on the Auto Industry

作　　者：马涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所

出　　处：《国际经济评论》2015年第1期98-111,6,共14页International Economic Review

基　　金：刘仕国研究员主持的课题"利用全球价值链规律促进产业升级"的部分内容;国家自然科学基金委管理科学部2014年第2期应急管理项目(批准号:71441013);国家社科基金青年项目(13CGJ027)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：当前的全球汽车产业价值链演变为一个复杂的、具有多层级供应商并高度依赖外包的生产贸易体系。发达国家的贴牌制造商和系统集成商几乎控制了汽车产业的所有价值链创新活动,以此创造更多知识资本。发展中国家也需要不断提升高端生产要素在价值创造中的份额,从而推动产业升级。尤其是一些新兴市场国家的汽车产业要实现快速升级,就要与国际领头汽车企业紧密合作,通过技术外溢和"干中学"提升其产品、工艺流程、功能和价值链所包含的要素质量。中国的汽车产业应该构建全方位的国内外价值链体系,依靠加大研发投入和职业技能培训,不断向国内增加值含量更高、技术更复杂的资本和知识密集型环节攀升。The current auto industry global value chains have evolved into a complicated production and trade structure that is composed of multiple levels of suppliers and is highly reliant on outsourcing.OEM and system integrated manufacturers from developed countries keep almost all value chains innovation in control,which contributes to the accumulation of knowledge capital.Developing countries also need to improve the share of high level production factors in the process of value creation to upgrade the industry structure.To accelerate industrial upgrading,the auto industry of the emerging market countries should cooperate with global leading firms and improve their production by taking advantage of technology spillovers and learning by doing from the leading firms.China's auto industry should construct a full range of domestic and foreign value chains,promote the share of domestic value added,and climb up to more capital and knowledge intensive part of the global value chains by strengthening R&D and skills training.

关 键 词：全球价值链 产业升级 汽车产业 国别贡献 要素贡献 

分 类 号：F416.471[经济管理—产业经济]