政府备灾能力构建的借鉴与启示——基于美国的经验  

Enlightenment on the Building of Government Preparedness Capabilities

作　　者：文宏[1] 马丽娜[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学管理学院公共管理系 [2]兰州大学管理学院,硕士研究生兰州730000

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2015年第2期135-140,共6页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"西部地区巨灾风险评估与管理创新"(编号:12CZZ037);教育部人文社科基金项目"西部地区巨灾风险治理研究(编号:11XJC810002)";中国博士后基金一等资助项目"巨灾风险演化机理与管理体系创新"(编号:2013M530096)

摘　　要：美国政府的备灾能力构建经历了从目标能力到核心能力的转变过程,转变后的31项核心能力周期延伸,涉及的范围更加广泛,注重对信息的控制和保护,能力的指向性明确,能够应时而变,整个备灾能力体系点、线、面相结合,为美国备灾活动的开展奠定了强大的软实力。我国应借鉴美国的经验,构建涵盖预防、保护、减轻、响应以及恢复领域的备灾能力,备灾能力的设计要精准凝炼、导向明确,并且努力提高应急人员的信息素质,将各级政府的脆弱性评估和风险评估常规化。The building of preparedness capabilities in the U.S has changed from the target capabilities to core capabilities. The 31 core capabilities extend the cycle, involve a broader range, focus on the control and protection of information, have a clear direction, change from time to time, and combine the points, lines and planes in the whole system, which laid a strong soft power for the disaster preparedness activities in the U.S. Our nation should learn from its experience and build preparedness capabilities covering prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery areas, The preparedness capabilities being designed should be precisely concise and in clear direction, make efforts to improve emergency personnel＇s information literacy, and adopt vulnerability assessment and risk assessment in government at all levels.

关 键 词：政府 备灾能力 应急管理 危机管理 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学] D035.2[政治法律—中外政治制度]