手枪弹冲击下有防护生物靶标多参数测量与分析  

Comprehensive measurement and analysis on multi-parameters of armored biological target under pistol impact

作　　者：黄珊[1] 徐诚[1] 王双平 赖西南 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094 [2]中国兵器装备研究所,北京102202 [3]第三军医大学野战外科研究所,重庆400042

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2014年第6期567-571,共5页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

摘　　要：目的研究枪弹对有防护生物靶标的致伤情况与原因,为揭示人体在防护条件下的致伤机理和医学治疗提供参考。方法选择体重60 kg的活猪作为生物靶标,参照防护条件下单兵头部和胸部的易损情况确定生物靶标内的测试物理量和具体位置。在25 m射距下分别对防护条件下生物靶标的头部和胸部射击3发9 mm巴拉贝鲁姆手枪弹,综合测量手枪弹冲击对有防护生物靶标钝性损伤起重要作用的加速度、压力、载荷力等多个力学量。结果(1)手枪弹对生物靶标头部的钝性损伤使颅内产生负压脉冲并伴随产生远达效应,在其脊柱和颈动脉内出现脉冲压力;(2)手枪弹对生物靶标胸部的钝性损伤使心脏承受高加速度冲击,肺部承受高压力波作用。结论测量结果为定量认识手枪弹对防护条件下有生目标致伤机理提供依据。Objective To study the injury cases of armored biological target by bullet and its causes, and provide references for revealing the wound mechanism of armored human by bullet and the corresponding medical treat- ment. Methods A 60 kg live pig was selected as the biological target, and the testing physical quantity and spe- cific location within the biological target were identified by reference to the vulnerability in the head and chest of the soldier with armor. Three rounds of 9 mm Bala Baerum pistols in 25 meter-range were shot, respectively, on the head and chest of the biological live target with armor, and the multi-mechanical parameters （acceleration, pres- sure, loads, etc. ） that played an important role in blunt trauma of armored biological target under pistol impacts were measured. Results （ 1 ） Blunt injury to the head of the biological target by pistol generated negative pres- sure pulse inside the calvarium with far reaching effects, and pressure pulse appeared in the spine and carotid; （2） Blunt injury to the chest of the biological target by pistol caused high-G impact on the heart, with high pres- sure wave in the lungs. Conclusions The measurement results in this study provided the basis for quantitatively understanding the injury mechanism of the pistol impacted by live armored target.

关 键 词：手枪弹 生物标靶 冲击 压力波 致伤机理 

分 类 号：TG303.4[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]