基于遥感技术的全国生态系统分类体系  

An ecosystem classification system based on remote sensor information in China

作　　者：欧阳志云[1] 张路[1] 吴炳方[2] 李晓松[2] 徐卫华[1] 肖燚[1] 郑华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心、城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第2期219-226,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：全国生态系统质量,服务功能,生态问题,胁迫十年变化调查与综合评估(STSN-04-00);全国生态环境长期跟踪遥感调查(KFJ-EWZY-004)

摘　　要：随着遥感技术的发展,以遥感数据作为生态系统监测与评价的基础已成为宏观生态学研究的重要手段。遥感数据要求每一数据集都要有相应的地物分类体系与之匹配,这也造成不同遥感数据及分类体系之间相互独立。虽然体系间多有联系和相似之处,但不同数据集的分类体系难以直接使用或替换,制约了多元数据在生态系统评价中的使用效果。为尝试解决这一问题,提高多源遥感数据的使用效率,提出了一套基于中分辨率遥感数据的生态系统分类体系。这套体系共有9个一级类、21个二级类、46个三级类,该体系主要依据类别内生态系统特征的相似性,并考虑了气候、地形等因素。最后以海南岛、内蒙古和甘肃3个省为例,探讨了以遥感数据为基础的区域生态系统构成分析方法与应用效果。研究表明,该分类体系有较好的生态学依据,可以支持更加深入的生态系统评估。但分类体系中还存在遥感数据与生态因子数据尺度不匹配、不能满足小尺度研究中对三级类进一步细分的要求以及当前数据质量和模拟技术不足以完全支持植被覆盖率反演精度要求等问题。Remote sensing technology is increasingly used in mapping and monitoring ecosystems as well as providing input datasets for analysis of ecosystem functions or dynamics. As a source of information on ecosystem classification and evaluation, remote sensor data is particularly important at the scale of the landscape, where has few field data. However, each type of remote sensing image often developed an independent classification system to satisfy the needs of the majority of users, guidelines of criteria for certain utility. Although there are many similarities exist in different systems, it is hardly be comparable or interchangeable in general cases. There is, in fact, inventory should be adequate for multi-sources remote sensing data. consideration of remote sensing information, ecological factors and no logical reason to expect that one detailed ecosystem But an ecosystem categorization system that takes whole type or degree of human intervention is able to improve the efficiency of ecosystem analysis using different satellite imagery. Aim at this objective, this paper compiled a ecosystem classification system in China based on medium-resolution remote sensor data. The system includes 9 types, including forest, shrubland, grassland, wetland, cropland, urban land, desert, glacier/firn, bare land, in the first level categories, 21 subordinate types in the second level categories and 46 types in the third level categories. On the base of 38 third level categories from ChinaCover2010 project, we reclassified this categories in accordance with characteristics of ecosystem types and subdivided the third level categories into 46 by add up to many supplemental information such as climate factors and site condition of vegetations. To interpret the usage and the effectiveness of the system, ecosystem configurations in three regions, Hainan island, Inner Mongolia and Gansu province, have been calculated. Results shown ability to depict zonal features of ecosystem and to use in further ecosystem analysis. It still indicate

关 键 词：遥感技术 分类体系 生态系统评价 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826