从英雄主义到人道主义—苏联反法西斯战争文学的嬗变  

From Heroism to Humanism ——the Transformation of the Soviet Union's Anti-Fascist War Literature

作　　者：吴萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学外文学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2015年第1期62-67,共6页Russian Literature & Arts

摘　　要：经过70多年书写的苏联反法西斯战争文学在俄国文学中占有重要的一席之地,长篇巨著更是独领风骚。苏联的战争文学演绎过"战壕真实派"和"全景文学",经历了从英雄主义到人道主义的文学嬗变。作家站在全人类的高度,反思战争的恐怖与荒谬,重新审视"战争与人"的关系,关注普通人的命运。弗拉基莫夫的《将军和他的部队》、格拉宁的《我的中尉》都对那场恐怖的反人类战争进行了全面的阐释和解读,深化了人道主义主题。至此,前苏联反法西斯战争文学终于走出一条从高昂的英雄主义到深沉的人道主义之路。The Soviet-eraanti-fascist war literature, written over more than seventy years, is prominent in Russian literature, especially its epics. The Soviet war literature developed ＂trench realism＂ and ＂panoramic literature＂, and experienced a thematic transformation from Heroism to Humanism. Authors elevated their scope to the level of all human beings, reflected on the horror and absurdity of war, reevaluated the relationship between war and human beings, and concerned themselves with the fate of commoners. Vladimov＇s ＂The General and His Army＂ and Granin＇ s ＂My Lieutenant＂ both contemplated the idea of anti-human war, and deepened the theme of humanism. Thus, the Soviet anti-fascist war literature created a path from triumphant heroism to thoughtful humanism.

关 键 词：反法西斯战争 战争文学 民族 英雄主义 人道主义 

分 类 号：I512.06[文学—其他各国文学]