滦河口-大蒲河口海域春夏季浮游植物的季节变化  

Seasonal changes of phytoplankton in Luan Estuary-Dapu Estuary in spring and summer

作　　者：张月明[1] 王玉良[1] 杨阳[1] 韩晓庆[2] 张鉴达[1] 高伟明[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学资源与环境科学学院河北省环境演变与生态建设实验室,河北石家庄050024 [2]河北省国土资源利用规划院,河北石家庄050056

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2015年第1期70-75,共6页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：河北省科技支撑计划项目"昌黎黄金海岸国家级自然保护区主要保护对象演变特征及环境效应研究"(14273303D)

摘　　要：2013年春季（5月）、夏季（8月）在滦河口至大蒲河口浅海海域19个站位进行浮游植物与理化环境的生态调查,共鉴定出浮游植物3门15科44种,其中硅藻类种类最多,占85%,夏季种类多于春季,Jacard相似性指数为0.14,季节更替明显;优势种3种,春季为夜光藻（Noctiluca scientillans）、翼根管藻（Rhizosolenia alata）,夏季为中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）,优势种单一且优势度较大,稳定性较差;细胞数量变化范围为（1.14~827.73）×10^4/m^3,夏季平均细胞数量为春季的7倍,空间分布呈近岸海域向外海域递减的趋势,且夏季变化幅度大于春季;物种多样性指数（Shannon-Wiener）,丰富度指数（Margalef）及均匀度指数（Pielou）所反映的生境状况均为夏季优于春季,滦河口优于大蒲河口;春季浮游植物与单一环境因子间没有显著的相关关系,夏季水温是浮游植物种数与细胞数量的主要限制因子,盐度主要影响浮游植物的种数,与细胞数量相关性不大,而DIP是细胞数量的主要限制因子,与种数相关性不大。On the basis of phytoplankton and environmental ecological investigation in Luan Estuary- Dapu Estuary in spring and summer. There are 3 phylum 15 families 44 species of phytoplankton were identified,diatoms was the most and accounted for 85%. Species number in summer was significantly higher than that in spring. The obvious seasonal succession was found based on the Jaccard with 0. 14. There were 3 dominant species in total,Noctiluca scientillans、Rhizosolenia alata was the dominant species in spring,Skeletonema costatum was that in summer. Because of dominant species was simply and dominance was high,the community structure was instability. The number of phytoplankton ranged from 1. 14 × 10^4/ m^3 to 827. 73 × 10^4/ m^3 with the descending order from offshore areas to pelagic sea and The rangeability was summer greater than spring. The average number of the summer was 7 times than spring. The Shannon-Wiener＇s index H＇,Margalef＇s richness index d Ma and Pielou＇s evenness index J all reflect that Summer habitat conditions better than the spring,Luan Estuary better than Dapu Estuary. No significant relationship betweenphytoplankton and single environmental factor in spring. temperature was the major limit factor for the number of species and cells number in summer and salinity was major acted on species number,little correlation with cells number,what＇s more,DIP was the main limit factor for cells number but little correlation with species number.

关 键 词：滦河口 大蒲河口 浮游植物 季节变化 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]