塞拉利昂医务人员埃博拉病毒易感因素的调查及防控对策  

Susceptible factors for Ebola virus of the health-care workers in Sierra Leone and prevention and control countermeasures

作　　者：王新华[1] 曹嫚[1] 岳彩虹[1] 贾红军[2] 秦玉玲[3] 孙娟[4] 张洁利[4] 李进[5] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第三〇二医院妇产中心,北京100039 [2]解放军第三〇二医院医务部感染控制科,北京100039 [3]解放军第三〇二医院门诊部急诊科,北京100039 [4]解放军第三〇二医院肝病生物治疗与研究中心,北京100039 [5]解放军第三〇二医院医务部,北京100039

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2014年第35期4413-4416,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的：通过对塞拉利昂医务人员埃博拉病毒易感因素的分析，探讨医务人员防控感染的有效措施。方法采用自行设计的中英文对照问卷，对塞拉利昂87名医务人员进行现场问卷调查，内容包括一般资料、埃博拉相关知识、传染病消毒隔离技术和个人防护技能知晓率，以及每周非工作外出次数、礼拜形式、家庭群居人数等，详细分析埃博拉病毒院内和院外易感因素。结果塞方医务人员中专及以下学历占43．69％，文化程度偏低。具有埃博拉相关知识人员仅占25．29％，具备传染病消毒隔离知识及技术的人员仅占14．94％，知晓个人防护技能的人员仅占11．49％。每周非工作外出在3次以上占85．06％，到教堂去做礼拜占70．11％，有群居现象占62．07％。结论塞方医务人员对埃博拉和传染病防控措施知晓率较低，防护意识较淡薄、消毒隔离知识匮乏及防护技能不熟练，增加了院内感染机会。当地群居现象普遍，参与社会群体活动较频繁，增加了埃博拉的感染率和传播性。Objective By analyzing the predisposing factors for Ebora virus of medical personnel in Sierra Leone , and to explore the effective measures for prevention and control of infection .Methods A self-designed questionnaire , including general data , related knowledge of infectious disease , Ebola disinfection isolation skills, times of go out for non-work days, form of worship, family social number, etc.The inside and outside the hospital susceptible factors of the Ebola virus were analyzed .Results The secondary school education accounted for 43.69% in the Sierra Leone medical staff , which revealed a low education level .Only 25.29%of them had the knowledge related to the Ebola virus .14.94% had the knowledge of disinfection and isolation.85.06% medical staff went out more than 3 times for non-work days.70.11% people went to the church, and 62.07% lived in groups.Conclusions The knowledge level about predisposing factors for Ebora virus of medical personnel in Sierra Leone and the effective measures for prevention and control of infection was low.The medical personnel had weak protection consciousness and lack the knowledge of disinfection and isolation , which increased the chance of infection in the hospital .At the same time , the local social phenomenon , participation in social group activities more frequently , increased the rate of infection and the spread of Ebola .

关 键 词：埃博拉病毒 医务人员 易感因素 防控措施 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]