晚清“科学士绅” 西方科技在中国体制化发展的最早践行者  

“Scientific Gentry” in the Late Qing Dynasty: Pioneers of the Institutionalization of Modern Science and Technology in China

作　　者：汪凯[1] 叶雪洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系

出　　处：《科学文化评论》2014年第5期99-113,共15页Science & Culture Review

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目"洋务运动时期近代科技在中国的社会化进程研究"(2014M560518)

摘　　要：鸦片战争以降,传统中国社会遭受西方工业文明冲击,士绅社会身份群体的组成成分和角色发生了变化。至洋务运动时期,以徐寿为代表的新兴知识职业群体运用西方科技发挥社会功能,并因此取得"科学士绅"社会身份群体成员资格。这一社会身份群体的形成同时也是西方科技在传统中国社会的体制化发展开端。"科学士绅"亲身实践科技以整合社会、领导公共事务,西方科技由此借道于中国传统行为规范、文化价值乃至社会体制,在社会生活中获得对社会成员具有规制性的影响力。The industrialized civilization from the West has intruded into traditional Chinese society since the Opium Wars, causing the components and roles of the gentry social status group alerted over the years. During the Self-strengthening Movement, the newly-risen knowledge professionals as exemplified by Shou Xu attained membership of the social status group of ＇scientific gentry＇ , functioning socially by practicing modem science and technology, wherein the socialization of modem science and technology in China was launched. Having been employed by ＇scientific gentry＇ in integrating society and leading the organization of public affairs, modem science and technology gained its regulating power over the social members in social life via the channels of traditional Chinese behavioral norms, cultural values, and social institution.

关 键 词：科学士绅 洋务运动 西方近代科技 社会身份群体 社会体制化 

分 类 号：G129[文化科学]