应用GPS技术实现长江口水位站高程的精确获取  

Application of GPS Technology to Obtain the Accurate Height of Water-Level Station in Yangtze Estuary

作　　者：董南[1,2] 王怀利[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]上海达华测绘有限公司,上海200136

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2015年第1期41-43,47,共4页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

摘　　要：长江口12.5 m深水航道投入运行后,每年直接经济效益超百亿元,为保障航道经济效益及水深的持续稳定,掌握长江口水位站高程数据十分重要,但这一特殊的海域地理位置使得传统高程测量方式凸显不足。本文通过将GPS测高技术应用到海陆交叉特殊地域,来获取水位站正常高。结合本区域已有似大地水准面的精化成果,主要采用布设B级GPS网,利用GAMIT基线解算软件、GPS-NET网平差软件保障数据处理质量,并用MEstimators对平差残差进行粗差探测等综合方式。研究结果表明,在海陆交叉地域,此种方式能够达到三四等级水准测量的精度要求。As Yangtze estuary 12.5 m-deepwater channel put into use , it brings more than billions of direct economic benefit each year.To guarantee economic benefit and the channel depth keeping stability , it is necessary to get the elevation of Water -level sta-tion in Yangtze estuary.However, the special geographical location makes the traditional method of height survey unavailable .The normal height of water -level station is got by the practice of GPS vertical survey which is applied to the special geographical location . It is a comprehensive method which makes use of GPS B network and regional quasi -geoid refinement results .It also takes advantage of the baseline calculating software GAMIT and the network adjustment software GPS_NET to guarantee the quality of data processing . Then M-Estimators is used to detect gross error for adjustment residual .The research result shows that the precision of this measure-ment method can meet the precision of third and fourth grade leveling in paralic region .

关 键 词：海陆交叉地域 正常高 精密星历 长江口 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]