纵轴流联合收获机籽粒清选损失监测数学模型研究  

Monitoring Mathematical Model of Grain Cleaning Losses on Longitudinal-axial Flow Combine Harvester

作　　者：梁振伟[1] 李耀明[1] 赵湛[1] 徐立章[1] 唐忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学现代农业装备与技术教育部重点实验室,镇江212013

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第1期106-111,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA10A502);江苏省2014年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYLX_1021);江苏省高校自然科学研究资助项目(11KJA460002);江苏省科技支撑计划资助项目(BE2012312);霍英东教育基金会青年教师基金资助项目(141051);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(苏政办发〔2014〕37号)

摘　　要：为实时监测纵轴流联合收获机作业过程中的籽粒清选损失,试验研究了清选损失籽粒在清选筛尾筛后部的分布规律,建立了清选损失籽粒量与清选筛尾部不同区域内籽粒量之间的数学模型,并确定了籽粒损失监测传感器在联合收获机上的最佳安装位置。台架试验表明,在显著水平α=0.05下,当风机转速在1 200-1 400 r/min范围内时,风机转速对清选损失籽粒质量比例的分布无显著性影响。以YT-5L型压电陶瓷为敏感元件研制了双向隔振结构全宽型籽粒损失监测传感器,将研制的籽粒损失监测传感器以中心线距尾筛垂直距离300 mm,角度为45°安装到4LZ-2.5型纵轴流联合收获机上,并利用所建立的籽粒清选损失监测数学模型进行了水稻收获田间试验。田间试验结果表明,所建立的籽粒清选损失监测数学模型可靠性较好,籽粒清选损失监测最大相对误差为3.26%。With the recent advances in sensors, electronics and computational processing power, automated technologies for combine harvesters have been made possible in part and there is an urgent need to develop a system which could monitor the clean loss in real-time. In order to monitor grain clean losses of combine harvester real-timely during the working process, distribution of grain cleaning losses on rear of cleaning sieve was studied, and the mathematical model between total losses of grain cleaning and grain volume tail on different regions was developed. The optimal mounting position of grain loss monitor sensor on combine harvester was confirmed. The experiment results showed that there was no significant impact on distribution of grain clean loss mass ratio with fan speed of 1 200 - 1 400 r/min under the significance level a = 0.05. The grain losses monitoring sensors, which utilizing type YT - 5L piezoelectric ceramic as sensitive element, was installed on combine harvester with a vertical distance of 300 mm between central line and tailing screen and a angle of 45°. Meanwhile, the grain harvesting filed test was carried out by using the mathematical model. The results showed that the established mathematical model had a good reliability, the maximum relative monitoring error of the grain cleaning loss detecting system was only 3.26% , which was relatively less than checked manually when harvested rice.

关 键 词：联合收获机 清选损失 传感器 数学模型 试验 

分 类 号：S225.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TH703.2[农业科学—农业工程]