安塞油田驱油微生物多样性研究及筛选  

Flooding microbial diversity research and screening of Ansai oilfield

作　　者：杨剑[1] 李斌[1] 董小丽 杨娜 张蓓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田分公司第一采油厂,陕西延安716000 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司技术监测中心,陕西西安710018 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司生产运行处,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《石油化工应用》2015年第1期16-21,25,共7页Petrochemical Industry Application

摘　　要：利用微生物及其代谢产物作用于原油提高采收率,首先必须了解油藏本源微生物种类,进行油藏微生物菌种多样性分析。提取安塞油田油水样品,进行菌种分离培养、提取和纯化DNA,设计适合的引物进行目的基因PCR扩增、高通量测序,对序列结果进行生物信息学分析,得到安塞油田驱油微生物多样性研究结果。分析认为安塞油田本源微生物种类丰富,主要是芽孢杆菌纲、梭菌纲、α-变形菌纲及γ-变形菌岗等细菌,又以芽孢杆菌岗属占优势分布。在此基础上筛选出一株产生物表面活性剂微生物,发酵液稀释30倍后与原油的界面张力仅为1.727 6 m N/m,具有较强的降低油水界面张力的能力,筛选出一株产生物聚合物微生物,发酵液中生物聚合物含量高达800 mg/L,具有较强的产生物聚合物能力。最终由这两种微生物菌种构建微生物驱油体系。Using microorganisms and their metabolic products to improve recovery of crude oil, firstly understand reservoir source of microbial species, analysis of oil reservoir microbial species diversity. Extracting oil and water samples of Ansai oilfield, separating strains of cultivation, extracting and purificating of DNA, designing a suitable primers for PCR amplification, sequencing high-throughput gene, analysising the sequence result of bioinformatics, ansai oilfield flooding microbial diversity research results of Ansai oilfield are obtained. Ansai oilfield source microorganism is variety, mainly bacillus classes is clostridium, alpha deformation and gamma phylum bacteria such as and belong to the dominant distribution with bacillus hillock. On the basis of the screened strains produce surfactants microorganisms, fermented liquid and interfacial tension of crude oil after 30 times dilution was only 1.727 6 m N/m, has strong ability to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension, and screened strains produce polymer microorganisms, biological polymer content in the fermented liquid is as high as 800 mg/L,has the strong ability of producing polymer content. Finally by the two strains build microbial oil displacement system.

关 键 词：低渗透油藏 驱油微生物 分子生物学 生物表面活性剂 生物聚合物 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]