空间对接机构缓冲试验台分离性能分析  

Analysis of Space Docking Mechanism Buffering Test Table Based on Separation Performance

作　　者：张华 肖余之 

机构地区：[1]上海市空间飞行器机构重点实验室,上海201109 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《载人航天》2015年第1期19-24,共6页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(06dz22105)

摘　　要：为了模拟空间的分离过程,在地面上研制了具备五自由度的大型缓冲试验台,以此研究在对接分离过程中运输飞船和空间站相对分离速度、姿态角及姿态角速度等的变化规律。地面五自由度状态试验台获得的试验数据能否代表空间零重力六自由度实际状态,需要对分离试验台做分离性能分析。建立了地面环境及空间零重力环境两种状态下的理论分离模型,对比了两种状态下的分离过程和结果;同时还建立了两种状态下的全数值样机仿真模型,依据某工况下的试验条件,计算分析了运输飞船和空间站在分离过程中的运动特性。从理论和数值仿真两方面阐述了缓冲试验台在模拟分离时的情况,论证了利用缓冲试验台模拟空间状态下两飞行器分离过程的有效性。To simulate the separation process in space, a buffering test table with 5 DOFs was devel- oped to study the rules of the relative separation speed, attitude angle and attitude angular velocity between the spacecraft and the space station. However, separation performance should be analyzed for the separation test table to verify the applicability of the experimental data obtained by the ground-based 5 DOFs test table to the 6 DOFs situation in space micro-gravity. Two theoretical sepa- ration models were established for the ground environment and for the space micro-gravity environ- ment and the separation process and results were compared between the two models. At the same time, a digital prototype model was built to analyze the motion characteristics of the space vehicles during the separation with the space station. The simulated separation was elucidated theoretically and by the digital simulation, this paper demonstrated the effectiveness of the buffering test table on the simulation of the separation process between the two spacecrafts.

关 键 词：空间对接机构 缓冲试验台 分离 动力学 

分 类 号：V416.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V526