上海市闸北区户籍老年人肺炎疾病及疫苗知识、态度、行为调查  

A KAP Survey to Pneumonia and Pneumococcal Vaccine among the Elderly Residents in Zhabei District of Shanghai

作　　者：张小娟[1] 黄瑾[1] 徐敏钢 华瑞珏 敖建军[1] 蒋懿[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市闸北区疾病预防控制中心,上海200072

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2015年第1期80-84,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的初步了解上海市闸北区60岁以上老年人肺炎疾病及疫苗相关知识、态度、行为状况,为老年人肺炎疫苗接种实施提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段单纯随机抽样的方法,在闸北区9个街道(镇)中各随机抽取一个居委,并从每个居委随机抽取100名60岁以上的上海市户籍老年人,采用自主设计的"60岁以上老年人肺炎知识、态度及行为调查表"进行问卷调查,共调查902人。结果调查对象对肺炎疾病及疫苗相关知识的知晓率不高;仅25.4%的调查对象知道上海市重大公共卫生服务项目;调查对象不接种或不愿意接种相关疫苗的原因中,"不知道可以通过接种疫苗预防"、"对疫苗的效果不确定"及"身体好,无需接种"是主要因素。结论应积极开展广泛且有针对性的宣传,提高老年人群对肺炎疾病防制及疫苗知识水平;辖区应因地制宜,提供良好的预防接种服务平台,引导老年人主动接种肺炎疫苗。OBJECTIVE To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of pneumonia and pneumococcal vaccine among elderlyresidents over 60 years in Zhabei for proposing some measures and references to improve the coverage of pneumococcal vaccination.METHODS Multi-stage sampling method was adopted in the study. 902 elderly persons beyond 60 years old in nine different commu-nities volunteered to participate the study. Self-made questionnaire surveys were carried out by community health interventions.RE-SULTS The awareness about pneumonia and pneumococcal vaccine among respondents was not high. Only 25.4% knew about theproject.The main three factors of not vaccinated or unwilling to vaccine among respondents were ＂know little about pneumococcalvaccine,uncertain on the effects of the vaccine,good physical condition＂. CONCLUSION Extensive and targeted propaganda shouldbe actively carried out to improve the knowledge of disease prevention and pneumococcal vaccine.On the other hand,it should ad-just measures to local conditions,make more elderly pneumonia vaccinated by good vaccination service.

关 键 词：老年人 肺炎 肺炎疫苗 知识、态度、行为 上海 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]