激光视觉方法用于检测齿轮加工误差  

Gear Machining Error Detection Based on Laser Vision Method

作　　者：宋丽梅[1] 覃名翠[1] 杨燕罡[1] 李宗艳[1] 习江涛[1] 朱腾达 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学电工电能新技术天津市重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《光电工程》2015年第1期1-5,共5页Opto-Electronic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60808020;61078041);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划(10JCYBJC07200)

摘　　要：齿轮是工业基础零件,其加工精度对设备的整体精度和可靠性有重要的影响。为了提高加工后齿轮的检测速度和检测精度,提出了一种激光测距齿轮齿向精度检测方法,并在此方法基础上研制了齿轮齿向检测系统。利用激光在金属及反光物体方面的测量优势,选用激光作为测量光源,利用激光三角法获得齿轮的测量点位置的相对坐标信息。为了全面获得齿轮各个部位的信息,结合气浮转台的圆周运动和精密电控升降台的升降直线运动,完成对齿轮齿向的数据扫描。为了获得齿轮的绝对坐标值,提出了齿轮齿向测量标定算法,用于计算出传感器与齿轮分度圆之间位置关系,从而进行齿向测量。结果表明,该测量方法能够满足工业中齿轮的高精度无损检测要求,能够完成齿轮精度等级分类要求。本研究所提出的测量方法,可以推广到其他金属反光物体高精度尺寸检测系统中。As the industrial basic part, the gears machining accuracy has a significant impact on the overall accuracy and reliability. It is one of the important factors that determine the quality of our country＇s manufacturing industry. In order to improve the detection accuracy and detection speed of gears, a gear lead precision detection method based on laser ranging is proposed. And the gear lead detection system is also developed on the basis of this method. Because of the laser measuring advantages in terms of metal and reflective objects, the laser is selected as the measuring light source. The relative coordinate information of the gear measuring point is obtained using laser triangulation method. In order to get the information of all parts of the gear, by the circular motion of flotation turntable and the lift linear motion of precision electric lift table, data scanning of the gear lead can be completed. In order to obtain absolute coordinates of the gear, the measuring calibration algorithm is proposed to calculate the positional relationship between the sensor and the gear pitch circle. The results show that the proposed measuring method can meet the requirements of high-precision and Non-destructive testing in industry and can be able to classify the gears. And the proposed method can be able to apply to high-precision dimensional inspection system of other metallic reflective ohiects.

关 键 词：齿轮检测 激光测距 非接触测量 标定算法 齿轮分级 

分 类 号：TP206.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]