系列二烯丙基甲基烷基溴化铵的结构与性能  

Structures and Properties of a Series of Diallylmethylalkyl Ammonium Bromide

作　　者：陶贤平[1] 张跃军[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通职业大学化学与生物工程学院,江苏南通226007 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《石油化工》2015年第1期71-76,共6页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：对二烯丙基甲基丙基溴化铵（C3）、二烯丙基甲基戊基溴化铵（C5）、二烯丙基甲基庚基溴化铵（C7）和二烯丙基甲基壬基溴化铵（C9）进行热稳定性、表面活性、水溶性和絮凝性能的测定，研究结构对其性能的影响规律。实验结果表明，C3， C5，C7，C9主要在170～300℃内发生热分解，失重（w）88.9%～90.6%；随烷基链长度的增长，临界胶束浓度和临界表面张力依次减小，分别为4.10×10^-2，3.00×10^-2，1.90×10^-2，1.70×10^-2mol/L和40.2，39.1，36.2，33.2 mN/m，而饱和吸附量和降低表面张力的效率则依次增大；C3，C5，C7，C9发泡力均较弱，水溶性好，Krafft点均低于0℃；对高岭土絮凝能力的强弱次序为：C9＞C7＞C5＞C3。The thermal stability,surfactivity,water solubility and flocculation ability of diallylmethylpropyl ammonium bromide（C3）,diallylmethylpentyl ammonium bromide（C5）, diallylmethylheptyl ammonium bromide（C7） and diallylmethylnonyl ammonium bromide（C9） were determined. The relationships between their structures and properties were researched systematically. The results showed that C3,C5,C7 and C9 decomposed in the temperature range of 170-300℃ with the mass loss of 88.9%-90.6%. With the increase of the alkyl chain length,their critical micelle concentration and corresponding surface tension decrease in turn and are 4.10×10^-2,3.00×10^-2, 1.90×10^-2 and 1.70×10^-2mmol/L,and 40.2,39.1,36.2 and 33.2 mN/m,respectively,but their saturated adsorption capacity and surface tensionreduction effi ciency increase in turn. C3,C5,C7 and C9 are weak in foaming power and strong in water solubility,and their krafft points are all below 0℃. Their flocculation ability to kaolin are in the order of C9〉C7〉C5〉C3.

关 键 词：二烯丙基甲基烷基溴化铵 表面活性 热稳定性 絮凝作用 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]