变电站实测雷电侵入波统计特性及测试分析  

Statistical Properties and Test Analysis of the Measured Lightning Invasion Waves in a Substation

作　　者：司马文霞[1] 兰星[1] 杨庆[1] 袁涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《高电压技术》2015年第1期21-27,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB724504)~~

摘　　要：目前变压器绝缘设计和试验研究常采用1.2/50μs的标准雷电波,但是有关站内实际雷电侵入波的研究成果较少,不利于变压器的合理绝缘设计和绝缘考核。为了给变压器合理的绝缘配合提供技术依据和支撑,首先统计得到了某110 kV变电站内实际雷电侵入波的时间参数,然后对比研究了变压器油纸绝缘在该站实测雷电侵入波和标准雷电波作用下的击穿特性。统计显示:该站实测波前时间主要在几十μs以内,波尾时间主要在几百μs以内,与1.2/50μs的标准雷电波形相差甚远,站内具有50%统计概率的波前时间和波尾时间分别为20μs和198μs。试验结果表明:油纸绝缘在实测雷电波和标准雷电波作用下的50%击穿电压U50和50%伏秒特性曲线均存在明显差异,在20/198μs的实测雷电波作用下,油纸绝缘的U50比标准雷电波作用时高10%以上,其50%伏秒特性曲线也位于标准雷电波之上。变压器最佳的绝缘配合方式还需要综合考虑大量的实测雷电数据。A standard wave shape of 1.2/50 μs is often used for the insulation design and experimental researches of transformers. However, research achievements on the actual lightning invasion waves are much few, which is not good for the reasonable insulation design and assessment for transformers. In order to provide the technical basis and support for the insulation coordination of transformers, the statistical regularity of time parameters is achieved, based on the measured lightning data of an 110 kV substation. Then the breakdown characteristics of oil-paper are studied by contrast under both measured waveform and the standard one. Statistics show that the measured front time is mainly within a few microse- conds, while the tail time is within a few hundred microseconds. Far different from the standard lightning wave shape of 1.2/50 μs, the front time and the tail time with 50% statistical probability of the lightning invasion waves in the substation are 20 μs and 198 μs respectively. The experimental results explain that the 50% breakdown voltage U50 and 50% vol- tage-time characteristic curves of oil-paper are both much different with two overvoltage waveforms. The U50 of oil-paper with the wave shape of 20/198 μs is over 10% higher than that with the standard wave shape, and the 50% voltage-time characteristic curves are above the standard ones. It is indicated that the best insulation coordination of transformers are needed to take a large number of the actual lighting data in consideration synthetically.

关 键 词：变压器 实际雷电侵入波 统计特性 时间参数 击穿特性 绝缘配合 

分 类 号：TM863[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术] TM63