生草和树枝覆盖对果园土壤持水性能的影响  

Effects of ground covers and mulches on soil water-holding capacity in jujube orchards

作　　者：李洪兵[1] 赵西宁[2,3] 王娟[1] 黄俊[1] 高晓东[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2015年第1期136-141,181,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172039);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B09);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项资助

摘　　要：针对黄土高原枣园普遍盛行传统清耕制,将生草及覆盖技术引入枣园生产中,于2011—2013年采用人工土槽模拟研究方法,探讨不同生草和覆盖措施对枣树地土壤持水性能的影响。结果表明:生草与枣树枝覆盖能有效改善土壤物理结构、提高土壤孔隙度、降低土壤容重;各处理土壤水分蓄持能力及比水容量均按枣树枝半覆盖+白三叶生草、枣树枝全覆盖、白三叶生草覆盖和清耕处理依次递减,处理间的差异在高吸力阶段更为明显;与清耕处理相比,生草与覆盖处理土壤饱和含水量、田间持水量、凋萎系数均有提高,枣树枝半覆盖+白三叶生草处理增加最为明显,分别增加9%、20%、33%。As the prevalence of clean cultivation in rainfed jujube orchards on the Chinese loess plateau ,this paper investigated effects of vegetation covers and jujube branch mulches on soil water-holding capacity .Treatments included strip white clover cover ＋ jujube branch mulching （JBM＋SWC） ,whole jujube branch mulching （WJBM） ,strip white clover cover （SWC） and clean cultivation （CC） .Three-year （2011—2013） results showed that vegetation covers and ju-jube branch mulches could improve soil structures ,increase soil pores ,and reduce soil bulk density .The order of soil water-holding capacity and specific water capacity at different soil suction stages with different treatments was as the fol-lowing：JBM＋SWC〉WJBM〉SWC〉CC .The differences became mostly obvious at the high suction stage .Compared with CC ,vegetation cover and jujube branch mulching treatments increased the saturation moisture content ,field soil moisture content ,and wilting point to some extent .JBM＋SWC treatment resulted in the highest increases ,which were 9% ,20% and 33% ,respectively .

关 键 词：枣园土壤 生草 树枝覆盖 土壤持水性能 比水容量 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学]