急进高原遂行任务对汽车兵心理应激和心理弹性的影响  

Effects of exposed rapidly to high altitude on psychological stress and resilience of automobile soldiers

作　　者：胡光涛[1] 宋航[1] 王国威[1] 冯正直[2] 贺英[1] 黄一[1] 陆地[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆解放军324医院精神心理卫生中心,400041 [2]第三军医大学心理学院行为医学教研室

出　　处：《西南国防医药》2015年第1期63-66,共4页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Southwest China

基　　金：军队心理卫生科研课题(12XLZ324);成都军区"十二五"医学科研重点课题(B12009)

摘　　要：目的探讨由低海拔环境急进高海拔环境遂行军事运输任务对汽车兵心理应激与心理弹性的影响,为高原汽车兵心理应激干预提供科学依据。方法以由低海拔环境急进高海拔环境执行军事运输任务的川藏线某部汽车兵126人为研究对象,选取症状自评量表(SCL-90)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)作为心理应激及复原力指标,在执行任务前3 d(营区,海拔600 m)、执行任务后第2 d(藏区,海拔4100 m)进行团体心理测试。结果 (1)执行任务后,汽车兵SCL-90总均分(1.92±0.67)及各因子分均显著高于执行任务前和常住高原汽车兵(P<0.05或P<0.01);CD-RISC中坚韧性、力量、乐观因子分及TCSQ中积极应对因子分均显著低于执行任务前(P<0.05或P<0.01);TCSQ中消极应对因子分及STAI中状态焦虑、特质焦虑因子分均显著高于执行任务前(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(2)执行任务后汽车兵SCL-90总分及STAI因子分与消极应对、稳定性及精神质因子分呈显著正相关(r=0.214~0.715,P<0.01),与积极应对、内外向、掩饰性、坚韧性、乐观性、力量性因子分呈显著负相关(r=-0.169^-0.599,P<0.01)。回归分析结果显示,对执行任务后汽车兵SCL-90总分有显著影响的因素依次为:消极应对、特质焦虑、乐观性、状态焦虑、稳定性、坚韧性、精神质,7个变量的决定系数R2=0.65。结论急进高海拔环境执行军事运输任务后,汽车兵心理健康水平降低;人格特质、应对方式和心理弹性是影响汽车兵心理应激和心理健康的重要中介调节因素。Objective To explore the effects of exposed rapidly to high altitude on psychological stress and resilience of automobile soldiers to carry out military transportation tasks,so as to provide scientific basis for psychological stress intervention for automobile soldiers. Methods Total 126 automobile soldiers from an army troop responsible for carrying out military transportation tasks on Sichuan-Tibet road were selected for the research,the symptom checklist（ SCL-90）,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（ STAI）,Trait Coping Style Questionnaire（ TCSQ）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（ EPQ）,and Mental Resilience Scale（ CD-RISC） were used as psychological stress and resilience indexes,and psychological tests in groups were made three days before the march（ in their camp above sea level 600 m） and two days after the march（ in Tibet above sea level 4100 m）,respectively. Results（ 1） After the march,the total average SCL-90 scores（ 1. 92 ± 0. 67） and the factor scores of the soldiers were significantly higher than those before the march and those of the automobile soldiers who had been stationed at high altitude all the time（ P〈 0. 05 or P〈 0. 01）,the scores of tenacity,strength,optimism factors in CD-RISC and positive coping factors in TCSQ were all significantly lower than those before the march（ P〈 0. 05 or P〈 0. 01）,and the negative coping factors in TCSQ and state anxiety and trait anxiety factors in STAI were significantly higher than those before the march（ P〈 0. 05 or P〈 0. 01）.（ 2） After the march,the total scores of SCL-90 and STAI factors of the soldiers were significantly positively correlated with the scores of negative coping factors,stability and psychoticism factors（ r = 0. 214-0. 715,P〈 0. 01）,and were significantly negatively correlated with the scores of positive coping factors,introversion and extraversion,dissimulation,tenacity,optimism,and strength（ r =- 0. 169-- 0. 599,P〈 0. 01）. Regression analysis showed that the factors having

关 键 词：高海拔 汽车兵 军事应激 心理健康 心理弹性 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]