特殊结构起重机用PMSM冷却系统的优化  

Optimization of PMSM cooling system for special structural cranes

作　　者：韩雪岩[1] 祁坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学国家稀土永磁电机工程技术研究中心,沈阳110870

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2015年第1期1-7,共7页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题桥式起重机量化关键技术与运用<桥式起重机无齿轮传动装置>(2015BAF06B00)

摘　　要：提供了一种新型特殊结构起重机用PMSM(永磁同步电机),直驱式起重机用PMSM具备体积小、质量轻、结构简单、效率高、可实现直驱控制等优点,实现了起重行业整个起重系统低速、大转矩、低噪声、高效节能等特性。永磁同步电机作为起重机装置的一部分,要求其转速低,极数多,以及电机细长型等一系列特殊结构,电机采用外转子与起重机卷筒一体化,导致电机散热条件有限,定子散热较差,组件的可靠性依赖于冷却系统散热能力,合理的优化整机通风结构,可提高传热介质的利用率,降低电机温升,将耦合场计算结果与实测结果进行分析,研究了表冷却通风结构等几何量变化对整个整机温度场和流体介质的利用率的影响。研究结果表明,合理的冷却通风结构能使流体带走更多的电机内产生的热量,提高了起重机运行时组件的可靠性和效率。The paper introduces a new-type PMSM（ permanent magnet synchronous motor） used for special structural cranes. The PMSM dedicated to direct-drive crane has advantages of small volume,light mass,simple structure,high efficiency,feasibility of direct-drive control,etc.,which can realize functions of low-speed,large-torque,low-noise,high-efficiency and energy-saving,and so on for the whole hoisting system. As a part of the hoisting machinery,the permanent magnet synchronous motor requires a number of special structures such as low rotation speed,many poles,and leptosomatic motor. The outer rotor of the motor is integrated with the crane drum,which results in limited heat dissipation of the motor and the stator. Reliability of the components is dependent on heat dissipation capacity of the cooling system,so reasonable optimization of the ventilation structure can improve use ratio of the heat-transfer medium and reduce temperature rise of the motor. In addition,the paper analyzes the coupling field calculation results and measured result and studies the effect of geometry variation including cooling ventilation structure on the temperature field of the complete vehicle and use ratio of the fluid media. The survey result shows that proper cooling ventilation structure can take away more heat produced in the motor,and improve reliability and efficiency of the components when the crane is in service.

关 键 词：特殊结构起重机 PMSM 冷却系统 可靠性 

分 类 号：TH21[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TM351[电气工程—电机]