核酸适配体在环境分析中的应用  

Application of aptamers to environmental analysis

作　　者：陈慧甜 孙清[1] 时国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第1期89-96,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0581);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(FRF-TP-12-007B)资助

摘　　要：核酸适配体(aptamer)是一段体外获得的可与相应的靶分子特异性结合的寡核苷酸序列.由于其相较于抗体有易合成、易修饰、靶分子范围广等优点,近些年来在环境分析中受到广泛关注.本文简要介绍了核酸适配体的结构特点及常用筛选方法,着重按照靶标分子的不同,综述了核酸适配体在环境微生物及化合物分析检测中的应用.并就核酸适配体作为分子识别元件的优势及局限进行了分析,对未来研究进行了展望.Aptamers are short oligonucleotides with high affinity to their targets obtained in vitro. They have attracted great attention in environmental analysis because of the advantages compared to antibodies such as easierto synthesize, modify and wider range of targets. This paper briefly described the structure characters of aptamers and its common screening methods, and also summarized the application of aptamers on the analysis of environmental microbiology and compounds according to different targets. In addition, this paper analyzed the advantage and limitations that utilizing aptamers as molecular recognition elements and discussed its future research.

关 键 词：核酸适配体 环境污染物 检测 应用 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]