我国农民健康状况、健康知识态度与行为现状调查  

The survey on the knowledge, attitude, practices of health among the peasants in China

作　　者：李小花[1] 齐建国[2] 

机构地区：[1]丽水学院教育学院 [2]北京师范大学教育学部

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第3期479-484,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：全国哲学社会科学规划2008年度国家社科基金重点项目(08ASH014)

摘　　要：目的了解我国农民健康状况、健康知识、健康行为、对待健康和艾滋病人的态度,为制定农村健康教育与健康促进计划提供科学依据。方法采用阶段整群抽样法从3省下属的7个市（县）中选取12个村的所有家庭户,通过问卷调查方法,对1 768位农民进行调查。同时,随机选择一个村,在该村随机选择16位村民进行座谈。结果农民的健康状况不容乐观,近乎1/3的家庭在近三年内有过休息2周之内的疾病,50.1%的家庭看病花钱在0.5～1万元内;三省农民总体健康知识的知晓率偏低,个别指标省际间差异具有非常显著性意义;51.7%的农民认为艾滋病病人不值得同情;农民对健康的价值认识不足且存在误区;三省农民用于增进健康知识的消费较低。结论农民的健康状况、健康知识态度行为堪忧;社会各界应加强对农村健康与卫生工作的重视,尤其要加大农村健康教育的力度;农村健康教育需有针对性地开展。Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude, practices（KAP） of health among peasants in China, concluding their attitudes toward the AIDS patients, and to provide the scientific basis for formulating the project of rural health education and health promotion. Methods The multistage cluster sampling method was taken on 12 village families selected from 7 cities in 3 provinces.Researchers investigated 1768 peasants using questionnaires. Results The peasants＇ health is not optimistic. About 1/3 of the families once had got diseases which need rest about two weeks in recent three years. 50.1% families spent 5, 000-10, 000 yuan on diseases. The awareness rate of health knowledge is at a low level. There are significant differences regarding some indexes between provinces. 51.7% peasants considered that AIDS patients were not deserve sympathy. Peasants have misunderstanding and lack of recognition on the value of health. Their consumption on advancement of health knowledge is low. Conclusion The KAP of health among peasants was not good enough. All sectors of the society should pay more efforts to rural health and hygiene work, especially to rural health education. Health education in rural area should be launched with pertinence.

关 键 词：农民 健康状况 健康知识 健康行为 现状调查 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]