中国东部气温异常型与海表温度异常模关系的诊断  

Relationship between anomalous pattern of air temperature in eastern China and sea surface temperature anomaly mode

作　　者：关惠戈 余锦华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]辽宁省气象局,沈阳110001

出　　处：《气象科学》2014年第6期656-665,共10页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200906016);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划)项目(2012CB955903);江苏省高校自然科学重大项目(13KJA170002)

摘　　要：基于国家气候中心整编的160站常规观测气温资料和HADLEY中心的海表温度资料,应用最大协方差分析方法,诊断了中国东部各季节气温异常型和前期海表温度异常(SSTA)模的关系,并重点分析冬季气温与SSTA模的最佳耦合模态及海温异常对大气环流的影响。结果表明:中国东部四季气温异常型与前期海盆SSTA模的显著耦合关系表现出不同的特征。超前6个月的热带太平洋第二模和南印度洋第二模与东部地区冬季气温一致变化型耦合关系最佳。西南冷东北暖的气温异常型与超前4个月热带大西洋一致增暖模有最佳耦合关系。大气环流对与全区气温一致偏冷型对应的SSTA模的回归表现为:西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压增强,东亚大槽加深,中纬度西风加强。对与气温西南冷东北暖型对应的SSTA模的回归表现为:西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压略有增强,东亚大槽槽区附近位势升高,大槽变浅,槽线偏向西南,东部40°N以北风速加强,以南风速减弱。Based on the conventional observation data of temperature from 160 stations reorganized by the National Climate Center and the sea surface temperature data from HADLEY center,the relationship between the season,al anomalous pattern of temperature in eastern China and the sea surface temperature anomalies（SSTA） mode at early stage is diagnosed by maximum covariance analysis method moreover,the influence of the best coupling mode of winter temperature and SSTA mode,as well as sea surface temperature anomalies on atmospheric circulation is emphasized to analyze.The results show that the significant coupling patterns between the seasonal temperature anomaly in eastern China and the SSTA mode at early stage exhibit different features.The second modes of the southern Indian Ocean and the tropical Pacific El Ni（n）o mode which appeared 6 months earlier have the most significant coupling relation with the consistent variation pattern of winter temperature over eastern China.The winter temperature anomalous type with warm northeast and cold south west is most significantly coupled with the consistent warming mode over the tropical Atlantic leading by 4 months.The regression of atmospheric circulation on the SSTA patterns corresponding to the consistent cold types shows that the Siberian High and the Aleutian Low enhance,the East Asian trough deepens and the mid-latitude westerlies strengthen.Regression on SSTA mode corresponding to southwest cold-northeast warm type shows that the Siberian High and the Aleutian Low enhance slightly,Arctic sea level pressure reduces,mid-latitude potential raises,East Asian trough swallows,trough line turns to the southwest,zonal wind in the north of 40 °N in eastern China increases,but it weakens in the south.

关 键 词：气温异常型 海表温度异常模 最大协方差分析 

分 类 号：P434.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]