接枝淀粉絮凝剂的制备及在净化水方面的应用探究  

Preparation of Graft Starch Flocculation and Application in Cleaning-up Waste Water

作　　者：张常虎[1] 金鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安文理学院化学与化学工程学院,西安710065

出　　处：《材料导报（纳米与新材料专辑）》2014年第2期337-341,359,共6页

基　　金：西安市科技计划项目(CX12189WL30);陕西省分析化学重点学科基金(3822)

摘　　要：对可溶性淀粉进行羧基化,以硝酸铈铵作为引发剂,将羧基化淀粉与丙烯酰胺(AM)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)进行接枝共聚,制得一种具有吸附作用的新型材料——接枝淀粉絮凝剂(GSF)。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、原子吸收等对其进行表征,观察接枝淀粉絮凝剂的形貌,分析其活性基团,研究其吸附性能。通过物理吸附衡量对污水中悬浮物的净化效果;通过改变絮凝剂加入量、pH值和吸附作用时间,探讨对配制的Cu2+、Pb2+溶液和实际西安护城河污水中两种离子的吸附,分别找出优化条件,然后作用于西安护城河污水和西安市西郊工业区污水排放口的污水,初见成效,Cu2+、Pb2+去除率达到约50%。Graft starch floceulant （GSF） was synthesized through copolymerization of carboxylic soluble starch, acryl amine （AM） and dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride （DMDAAC） using ceric ammonium nitrate as poly- merization initiator. GSF is a new type of adsorptive material. Morphology of GSF was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and groups of adsorption by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）. The adsorption optimal procedure of Cu2＋ , Pb2＋ on GSF was carried out by model experiments and waste water of Xi＇ an fosse, exploring the main factors affecting the amount of adsorption, such as flocculant ratio, pH of solution and absorption time. At the same time, we have completed an experiment aiming at Xi＇an fosse and plumbing drain in its western suburb, and achieved a removal rate of above 50% toward Cu2＋ , Pb2＋.

关 键 词：絮凝剂 接枝共聚物 优化条件 去除率 污水处理 

分 类 号：O636.9[理学—高分子化学]