中国黑河流域与澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域水管理对比研究  

Comparative Study on Water Management of Heihe River Basin in China and Murray-Darling River Basin in Australia

作　　者：高妍[1] 冯起[1,2] 王钰[1] 成爱芳[2] 张晗[1] 刘智兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第6期242-249,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：陕西省"百人计划"项目"黑河流域荒漠生态水文研究"(SXP201012);陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费创新团队项目(GK201101002);中国博士后科学基金项目(2012M510219;2013T60899)

摘　　要：水管理问题是中国西北内陆河流域社会经济发展及生态环境建设的关键问题之一,而有效的水管理,是中国各大河流尤其是西北内陆流域面临的重要问题。在对中国西北黑河流域与澳大利亚东部墨累—达令河流域概况分析的基础上,探讨了两流域水管理的相关问题,在借鉴墨累—达令河流域管理的成功经验基础上,提出了优化黑河流域水管理的对策:(1)优化用水结构,提高经济效益;(2)重视统一管理,实现水资源优化配置;(3)强化组织管理,制定流域管理法;(4)鼓励公众参与,进一步深化水权制度改革。Water management is one of the key problems to the soci-economic development and eco-environment construction of endorheic drainage in the northwestern of China. Therefore, one of the important mission we are facing is how to make effective water management, particular in the northwestern inland river. By analy- sing the conditions of Heihe river basin in China and the Murray-Darling river basin in Australia, we ex- plored the water management of these two rivers through comparative analysis, and theoretically provided the methods and plans for the water management system of Heihe river basin. Meanwhile, a set of measures were suggested： optimizing the structure of water use to improve economic returns, attaching great impor- tance to the unified management to realize the optimal allocation of water resources, strengthening the organizational management to formulate the river basin law, and encouraging the public to participate in the water management of the river basin, further deepening the reform of water right system.

关 键 词：黑河流域 墨累—达令河流域 水管理 

分 类 号：F590.7[经济管理—旅游管理]