中国贸易开放对碳排放作用机制的实证研究  

Empirical Study of Functional Mechanism of China's Trade Openness on Carbon Emissions

作　　者：孙焱林[1] 李华磊[1] 王春元[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2015年第2期63-71,共9页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：国家自科基金"基于面板数据的线性/非线性结构VAR模型与我国财政政策的城乡效应和区域效应研究"(编号:70971050);教育部人文社科基金"动态面板模型的平滑转换机制及其对我国能源效率分析的应用"(编号:08JC790043)的资助

摘　　要：本文以贸易开放影响环境污染的"三效应假说"为理论依据,运用修正的GML指数法将2000-2010年中国省级的碳排放分解为经济规模变动、环境全要素生产率变动和投入产出结构变动三个部分,然后在控制变量内生性、时间趋势等因素的基础上分别对贸易开放进行回归,以检验贸易开放对碳排放的规模效应、技术效应和结构效应。研究发现:贸易开放总体上增大了碳排放,主要源于正的技术效应,其次源于正的规模效应;贸易开放的结构效应为负,但不显著;由于环境规制力度的中外差异,贸易开放通过恶化技术效率与前沿技术水平两种路径引致环境全要素生产率下降,从而形成正的技术效应。Based on the ＂three effects hypothesis＂, this paper studies the functional mechanism of the trade openness on China＇s provincial carbon emissions empirically. The main conclusions are as follows： the trade openness on the whole increases the carbon emissions, mainly due to its positive technique effect, followed by its positive scale effect; the composition effect of the trade openness is negative, but not significantly; due to the differences in the environmental regulations between China and foreign countries, China＇s trade openness reduces the environmental TFP through deteriorating the technical efficiency and the frontier technology, thus forming the positive technique effect.

关 键 词：规模效应 技术效应 结构效应 

分 类 号：F752.68[经济管理—国际贸易]