2012年昆明市疑似异常接种反应监测分析  

Analysis on the surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Kunming city in 2012

作　　者：赵山平[1] 赵桂萍[1] 李季军[1] 张婉筠[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明市疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第4期725-728,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析昆明市2012年疑似异常接种反应发生特征,评价相关疫苗(一类疫苗和二类疫苗)的安全性。方法通过国家AEFI信息管理系统收集昆明市2012年1月1日到12月31日的个案数据,采用描述方法对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果昆明2012年AEFI信息管理系统监测到77例个案,县覆盖率92.86%,48 h内及时报告率为100.00%,48 h内及时调查率为100.00%,个案调查完整率达100.00%,0岁组占总数的45.70%,接种后1 d内发生的最多,占报告总数的74.03%,AEFI分类诊断中,一般反应占71.40%,异常反应占18.10%,偶合症占9.71%,接种事故占1.30%。AEFI报告发生率居前五位的是卡介苗、百白破;麻腮风、麻风、乙肝。结论 AEFI主要发生在小年龄组,NIP疫苗首剂接种后1 d内,是监测重点。Objective The aim of this study was to provide summaries and guidelines for the surveillance of adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in Kunming Yunnan China. Methods Reported individual data from AEFI surveillance system in 2012 in Kunming were collected. Descriptive epidemiology methodology was used to establish causal factors. Results A total of 77 AEFI cases were reported in Kunming in 2012. The case coverage rate reached 92.86% in the region. Within 48 hours after receiving the report, the AEFI reporting rate and the timeliness rate of AEFI investigation were 100.00%, respectively. The completeness of AEFI investigation was 100.00%. Cases for 0-year-old accounted for 45.70% of the total cases. Most of cases were observed within one day after immunization, accounting for 74.03% of the total cases. Of the AEFI classification, conventional reactions were the most abundant, accounting for 71.40%. Paradoxical reaction accounted for 18.10%. Coupled disease accounted for 9.71%. Inoculation accidents accounted for 1.30%. The most five incidence of AEFI were BCG, DPT, MMR, leprosy, and hepatitis B. Conclusion The statistical analysis showed that improving the coverage and quality of NIP vaccine immunization surveillance system was needed. AEFI occurred most often in very young children. Prioritizing monitoring for AEFI should be focused within one day after the first immunization.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 疫苗 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]