加拿大产西洋参茎中9种人参皂苷和2种拟人参皂苷的含量变化研究  

Dynamic changes of nine ginsenosides and two pseudo-ginsenosides contents of Panax quinquefolium stem in Canada

作　　者：李波[1] 任烨[1] 杨正明[1] 许云章[1] 刘圆[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学民族医药研究院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《华西药学杂志》2015年第1期74-78,共5页West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:81173653);国家科技部重大新药创制科技重大专项"面向新药发现的数字化中药化学成分库"(2011ZX09307-002-01);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI27B07);西南民族大学资金资助项目(13NLY01)

摘　　要：目的研究加拿大原产地在1～5年的5～9月生长的西洋参茎中人参皂苷Rb1、Rb2、Rb3、Rc、Rd、Re、Rg1、Rg2、Rg3和拟人参皂苷RT5、F11的含量变化。方法采用RP—HPLC—ELSD法，DimaonsilC18柱（250mm×4．6mm，5μm），柱温30℃，流动相为乙腈-水，流速1mL·min^-1，进样量10μL，ELSD载气为氮气，气体流量2．8L·min^-1，漂移管温度100℃。采用SPSS19．0统计软件对试验结果进行了主成分和系统聚类分析。结果1年生西洋参的茎中总皂苷含量（9月总皂苷含量达到21．54mg·g^-1）呈上升趋势，2～5年生长的不同月份采收的总皂苷含量（约12mg·g^-1）以当年9月份最高；主成分分析表明：人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rd和拟人参皂苷F11是西洋参茎中的特征性皂苷成分；聚类分析方法表明：1年生长的在5月（S1）、1年生长的在7～9月（S3-S5）和2年生长的在5月（S6）采收的样品聚为第一大类，其余不同采收期的样品为第二大类。结论人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rd和拟人参皂苷F11是西洋参茎中特有的皂苷成分；1年生西洋参茎中皂苷总含量明显高于2～5年生的，从2年生在6月开始采收的样品中总皂苷含量接近，建议每年的9～10月采收当年的西洋参地上部分（茎叶）作为人参皂苷的提取植物来源。OBJECTIVE To research the assay of ginsenoside Rb1 , Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re, Rg1 , Rg2, Rg3 and pseudo - ginsenoside RT5 and F11 which was grown from one to five - year - old and harvested from May to September of Panax quinquefolium L. （PQL） stem in Canada. METHODS RP - HPLC - ELSD was adopted. The analysis was performed on Dimaonsil C18 （ 250 mm × 4.6 mm ,5 μm） column,and the mobile phase was acetonitrile -deionized water in gradient elution mode. The flow rate was 1 mL.min-1 and column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The carrier gas was nitrogen with flow rate of 2.8 L·min^-1, and the drift tube temperature was 100 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μL. The principle component analysis and system cluster analysis of SPSS software （version 19.0 ） were conducted for the data analysis. RESULTS The total content of ginsenosides of one - year - old was a trend of rising（21.54 mg·g^-1 of Sep. ） , that of two to five - year - old were 12 mg·g^-1 or so, and that of Sept. of the first year were the highest. Principal component analysis showed that Rg1 ,Re, Rd and Flx WaS regarded as the characteristic ginsenosides in PQL stem. Cluster analysis showed that the samples of May to September, one to five - year - old in PQL stem （ S1 - S25 ） were divided into two categories ： the samples of May of one - year - old （ S1 ） ,July to September of one - year - old（ S3 - S5 ）, May of two - year - old （ S6 ） as the first major categories, the others as the second categories. CONCLUSION Ginsenosides Rg1 , Re, Rd and pseudo - ginsenosides Fn can be the characteristic ginsenosides in PQL stem in Canada. The total contents of ginseroside in one - year - old PQL are more than those in two to five gyar - old, and are close to each other since two - year - old in June and the following. And stem of PQL should be collected for extracts of ginsenoside before stem and leaf wethered of Sep. to Oct. every year.

关 键 词：加拿大 西洋参 茎 人参皂苷 拟人参皂苷 反相高效液相色谱法 主成分分析 系统聚类分析 总皂苷 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学]