早产儿肠道内营养支持技术  

Approach to enteral nutrition in premature infants

作　　者：肖玲莉[1] 贲晓明[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院新生儿科,上海200040

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2015年第2期89-91,共3页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：早产儿出生后，由于宫内营养储备不足，肠道不成熟以及医疗因素，如窒息、酸中毒、手术等，有更高的营养需求。早产儿为了达到理想的生长速度，需要持续的评估和足够的热量和营养供给。建议早产儿出生后早期进行肠道启动，待临床情况稳定后逐步达到完全肠内喂养。多种征象可能提示早产儿喂养不耐受，临床医师需综合判断。某些药物如红霉素治疗早产儿喂养不耐受还有待研究证实。After birth, premature infants have greater nutritional needs, because of decreased intrauterine nutrient deposition, immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract （GI）, and medical conditions such as hypoxia, acidosis and surgery. In order to reach the optimal growth rate, continual reassessment and delivery of adequate energy and nutritional support are imperative. We suggest initiating enteral feeding in the first few days after birth to prime the GI in the premature infant, and then gradually achieve full enteral feedings when clinical condition is stable. Many signs may suggest feeding intolerance. Clinicians should composite these factors to determine. The use of drugs such as erythromy- cin to treat feeding intolerance in oremature infants needs to be clarified.

关 键 词：婴儿 早产 肠内营养 喂养不耐受 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]