重庆三峡库区加工甜橙园土壤养分状况分析  

Analysis of Nutriention Status of the Soil in Processing Orange Orchards in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Chongqing

作　　者：习建龙 彭良志[1] 淳长品[1] 朱春钊 杨惠栋[1] 王男麒[1,2] 江才伦[1] 凌丽俐[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所/国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712 [2]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2015年第1期1-7,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家现代农业(柑桔)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27-02A);国家星火计划项目(2012GA811001);重庆市"121"科技支撑示范工程(cstc2014zktjccxBX0069)资助

摘　　要：为了解重庆三峡库区加工甜橙园土壤养分含量状况,在重庆7县（区）随机选取132个果园,分析甜橙园土壤和对照土壤的pH值、有机质和有效态矿质养分含量。结果显示,在对照土壤和甜橙园土壤样品中,土壤pH值适合（4.5~7.5）枳砧甜橙生长的比例分别为56.8%和60.8%,甜橙园酸性土比例增加;土壤有机质含量不足（〈15g·kg^-1）的比例分别为77.3%和85.3%;碱解氮处于适宜范围的比例分别为56.8%和61.5%;有效钙过剩（高量和过量）的比例分别为79.6%和76.7%;有效磷不足（缺乏和极缺）的比例分别为95.4%和60.8%;有效钾不足的比例分别为72.8%和57.6%;有效锌不足的比例分别为54.5%和65.9%;有效硼不足的比例分别为70.5%和90.7%。在对照土壤和甜橙园土壤样品中,既有有效镁、有效铁、有效锰及有效铜含量不足者,又有过量者。总体而言,重庆三峡库区土壤养分状况中等偏差,尤其是缺锌和硼严重;与对照土壤相比,甜橙园土壤pH值、有机质、有效钙、有效锌和有效硼含量下降,其他养分含量则有所上升。In order to evaluate the soil nutrient status in processing orange orchards in the Three Gorges reservoir region of Chongqing,132 cultivated soil samples and 44 control soil samples were collected from 132 orchards of 7counties in this region.The soil pH value,organic matter and available nutrient contents were analyzed.Results showed that the soil pH values in 56.8% of control soil samples and 60.8% of cultivated soil samples were suitable for sweet orange growing,and the proportion of acid soil in cultivated orchards is higher than that of control.The contents of soil organic matter in 77.3% of control soil samples and in 85.3% cultivated soil samples were insufficient（15mg·kg^-1）.Contents of available nitrogen in 56.8%control soil and 61.5%cultivated soil were suitable.Contents of available Ca in 79.6% control soil and 76.7% cultivated soil were excessive.The 95.4% of control soil samples and 60.8% of cultivated soil samples were short of available P.The 72.8% of control soil samples and 57.6% of cultivated soil samples were short of available K.The 54.5% of control soil samples and 65.9% of cultivated soil samples were short of available Zn,and 70.5% of control soil samples and 90.7% of cultivated soil samples were short ofavailable B.The samples of both control soil and cultivated soil were insufficient in some of available Mg,Fe,Mn and Cu,and excessive in some of others.In general,the nutriention status of the soil in processing orange orchards in this region was moderate poor.Compared with control soil,the pH value,the contents of organic matter,available Ca,Zn,B in cultivated soil is lower and available Zn,B were severe deficient,while the contents of other nutrients were higher.

关 键 词：三峡库区 加工甜橙园 土壤有效养分 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学] S158[农业科学—园艺学]