一种面向列车控制系统中安全攸关场景的测试用例自动生成方法  

Method of Automatic Test Case Generation for Safety-Critical Scenarios in Train Control Systems

作　　者：陈鑫[1,2] 姜鹏[1,2] 张一帆[1,2] 黄超[1,2] 周岩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学),江苏南京210023 [2]南京大学计算机科学与技术系,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《软件学报》2015年第2期269-278,共10页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2014CB340703);国家自然科学基金(91318301;91118002;61321491;61402222);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20110091120058);江苏省产学研项目(BY2014126-03)

摘　　要：列车控制系统是一种安全攸关系统,为保证其安全性,要求测试过程对安全攸关场景中所有可能的运行进行完全的覆盖.现有的场景建模与测试用例自动生成方法不能完全满足这一技术需求.围绕列车控制系统的安全攸关场景建模以及测试用例自动生成方法展开研究,对UML活动图扩充了事件驱动机制和时间特性描述机制,以满足对安全攸关场景建模的需要,提出了简单路径覆盖准则以定义对场景中所有运行的完全覆盖,并针对这一覆盖准则给出了自动生成测试用例的方法.以地铁列车控制系统为研究对象展开实验,表明了该方法的有效性和局限性.The train control system is a safety-critical system. To assure its safety, it requires the testing process to cover all possible runs in its safety-critical scenarios. Existing methods of scenario modeling and test case generation cannot completely satisfy the requirement. The paper focuses on the methods of modeling safety-critical scenarios in train control system and the tools for automatically generating test cases for the system. UML activity diagram is extended with event-driven and time characteristic description mechanism to satisfy the requirement of modeling safety-critical scenarios. A simple path coverage criterion is also proposed to define the coverage of all possible runs in a scenario and a method is provided for automatic test case generation. The experiment on ground train control system shows the effectiveness and limitation of the proposed method.

关 键 词：安全攸关场景 场景建模 简单路径覆盖 测试用例自动生成 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]