Porcine Breeding Management in a Large-scale Piggery with Microbial Fermentation Bed  

微生物发酵床大栏养殖猪群管理的研究（英文）

作　　者：刘波[1] 李兆龙[1] 唐建阳[1] 黄勤楼[1] 郑回勇[1] 蓝江林[1] 史怀[1] 翁伯琦[1] 余文权[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院,福建福州350003

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2015年第1期160-166,171,共8页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China(2012DFA31120);Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303094);National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2012BAD14B15)~~

摘　　要：[Objective] The behavior of eating, drinking, defecating and peeing of 1 500 pigs in a large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery was observed. We hoped to find some simple indicators that could reflect the health status of swinery and to provide experience for the swinery performance management in large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery. [Method] The body weight （BW）, daily BW gain, feed intake and other indicators of different-day-old pigs were recorded in details. Based on the recorded data, the models between BW, BW gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain ratio and growth days （d） were established. In addition, the incidences of pox-like macula （dermatitis）, diarrhea （gastrointestinal disease）, cough （respiratory disease）, stiff pig （malnutrition）, conjunctivitis （eye disease） and foot inflection （trauma） among fattening pigs were also investigated. [Result] The BW range, average BW, daily BW gain, breeding days, daily feed intake range, average daily feed intake, staged feed intake, accumulated feed intake, feed/gain ratio and accumulated feed/gain ratio of different-day-old pigs were studied, respectively. Four dynamic models were established for the growth of pigs： （1） the BW （y）-age （x） mod- el： y=0.758 9x-19.883 （3=0.993 7）; （2） the BW gain （y）-age （x） model： y=1.039 5x05051 （F=0.885 4）; （3） the average daily feed intake （y）-age （x） model： y=0.023 5x-0.334 3 （F=0.991 7）; （4） the feed/gain ratio （y）-age （x） model： y=0.022x＋0.427 8 （P=0.988 5）. Based on these models, the corresponding theoretical growth value of pigs at different growth stage could be predicted. The main diseases occurred among the swinery in the large-scale microbial fermentation bed piggery included pox-like macula （dermatitis）, diarrhea （gastrointestinal disease）, cough （respiratory disease）, stiff pig （mal- nutrition）, conjunctivitis （eye disease） and foot inflection （traum[目的]对一栏1 500头的大群体"吃、喝、拉、撒"进行观察管理,以期找到一些简单易行的指标作为大群体猪群的健康指标,为微生物发酵床大栏养殖大猪群生长性能管理提供经验。[方法]从猪的生长日龄和采食量的关系入手,以整群采食量、头均采食量、头均饮水量、群体健康级别划分,个体体长与体重的关系等为指标,研究不同日龄育肥猪的取食量和生长的关系,观察大猪群生长健康状况。[结果]微生物发酵床大栏养殖猪群(1 500头)管理的研究,以猪日龄为核心,观察体重范围、平均体重、日增重、饲喂天数、日采食量范围、日均采食量、阶段采食量、累计采食量、料重比、累计料重比等,建立了一套猪群生长状况动态模型,包括猪体重(y)与日龄(x)模型:y=0.758 9x-19.883(r2=0.993 7);猪增重(y)与日龄(x)幂指数关系模型:y=1.039 5x0.505 1(r2=0.885 4);日均采食量(y)与日龄(x)模型:y=0.0235x-0.334 3(r2=0.991 7);猪料重比(y)与日龄(x)线性关系模型:y=0.022x+0.427 8(r2=0.988 5)等,作为理论值,判别特定日龄下猪生长状况;微生物发酵床大栏养殖猪群的主要病害有:皮炎-痘状斑疹、拉稀-消化道疾病、咳嗽-呼吸道疾病、僵猪-营养不良、眼病-眼结膜炎、外伤-拐脚,未发现烈性传染病。[结论]当猪体重、猪增重、日均采食量、猪料重比实际值低于理论值时,必须寻找原因,加强猪的管理,观察表明,发酵床养猪更加有利于猪的生长。

关 键 词：Disease investigation Large-scale breeding Microbial fermentation bed Porcine growth model 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]