不同资源维度上汾河流域下游优势种的生态位  

The niches of dominant species in different resource dimensions in the lower reaches of Fenhe River,Shanxi Province of China

作　　者：庞春花[1] 范晓[1] 张峰[2] 倪瑞军[1] 冯晓佳 马晓波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041004 [2]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第2期380-386,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：山西省大学生创新性实验项目(WL2014CXCY-12);山西省软科学研究项目(2012041015-01)资助

摘　　要：采用样方法进行不同资源位群落调查,利用Shannon生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数,对汾河流域下游湿地优势植物种群在土壤p H、土壤有机质、全磷、全氮、全钾5个资源维上的生态位特征进行研究。结果显示,不同种群在各个资源维上的生态位宽度差异表明对不同资源空间的利用能力和适应性不完全相同。汾河流域下游湿地优势植物主要为风花菜(Rorippa globosa)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、齿果酸模(Rumex dentatus)和扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis),它们的生态位宽度都较大,且对环境有较强的适应能力;而水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)、野艾蒿(Artemisia lavandulaefolia)、荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris)和马蔺(Iris lactea var.chinensis)的生态位宽度则相对较窄。芦苇、扁秆藨草、风花菜、齿果酸模与其他物种的生态位重叠值比较高,表明,这些物种与其他物种对资源的利用方式相近,对环境资源具有一定的竞争性。A field plot sampling method was employed to investigate niches of dominant speciesin different resource dimensions in the lower reaches of Fenhe River, Shanxi Province of China.Niche breaths and overlaps of 20 main wetland plant species along soil pH, soil SOM, total P,total N and total K were analyzed using Shannon and Pianka formulae. The differences in nichebreadth of each species in different resource dimensions show that different species have differentabilities to use resources, so they have different ecological adaptability. The dominant species inthe region are Rorippa globosa, Phragmites australis, Rumex dentatus, and Scirpus planiculmis,and they have higher niche breadth and adaptability to environment. Polygonum hydropiper, Arte-misia lavandulaefolia, Capsella bursa-pastoris and Iris lactea var. chinensis have lower nichebreadth. The niche overlaps of P. australis, S. planiculmis, R. globosa, R. dentatus with otherswere relatively larger, which illustrates that these plants make a similar use of natural resourcesand that there is certain competition among them.

关 键 词：汾河 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 环境梯度 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]