沉水植物浸提液组分对三种常见附植藻类生长的影响  

Influences of chemical components of water extracts from submerged macrophyte leaves on the growth of three common epiphytic algae

作　　者：纪海婷[1,2] 谢冬 周恒杰[1] 安树青[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学生命科学学院,南京210046 [2]江苏省水文水资源勘测局常州分局,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第2期445-453,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370382);中欧合作项目(S2012GR0149);淮河流域水生态修复项目(2012ZX07204-004);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2011577)资助

摘　　要：采用长江中下游湖泊典型沉水植物乡土种轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、穗状狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)和外来种伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)、水盾草(Cabomba caroliniana)叶片浸提液的组分:N-苯基-2-萘胺(4种沉水植物均有)、苯丙酮(伊乐藻特有)和苯并呋喃(水盾草特有),研究不同物质种类及浓度对3种附植藻类:普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliqnus)和四尾栅藻(S.quadricanda)的相对生长率、藻细胞浓度、叶绿素含量等生长指标的影响。结果表明:3种物质均显著降低斜生栅藻和普通小球藻的细胞浓度以及叶绿素含量,对四尾栅藻生长的抑制较弱。3种附植藻类生长指标对不同物质浓度及处理时间的响应存在显著差异,呈现低浓度促进、高浓度抑制现象,随时间推移藻类显示出明显的生长趋势。物质作用效果:苯丙酮>苯并呋喃>N-苯基-2-萘胺,表明外来种沉水植物叶片浸提液中特有物质具有较强的抑藻效应。This study analyzed the chemical components of leaf water-extracts of typical sub-merged macrophytes （native species： Hydrilla verticiUata and Myriophyllum spicatum ; exotic spe-cies： Elodea nuttallii and Cabomba caroliniana） from lakes in the middle and lower reaches ofYangtze River. The selected chemical components were 2-Naphthalenamine, N-phenyl- （producedby all of the four submerged macrophytes） , 1-Propanone, 1-phenyl- （ only produced by E. nuttal-lii）, and Benzobfuran,2,3-dihydro- （only produced by C. caroliniana）. Then we used relativegrowth rate, algal cell concentration and chlorophyll content as algae growth indicators to explorethe influences of different dosages of the three chemical components on the growth of epiphytic al-gae （Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus and S. quadricanda）. Our results showed that thethree chemical components significantly reduced algal cell concentration and chlorophyll contentof S. obliqnus and C. vulgaris, however, their inhibitory effects on S. quadricanda were weaker.There were significant differences in the responses of these three epiphytic algae to different dosa-ges and processing time. The lower dose of chemical components could promote the growth of epi-phytic algae, while the higher dose showed inhibition effects, and the algae showed obvious andsteady growth with the extension of processing time. Overall, 1-Propanone, 1-phenyl- showed thestrongest inhibiting effect, followed by Benzobfuran,2,3-dihydro-, and the weakest was 2-Naph-thalenamine, N-phenyl-, suggesting that the chemical components from the exotic submergedmacrophytes （E. nuttallii and C. caroliniana） have stronger inhibiting effects on epiphytic algae.

关 键 词：化感物质 附植藻类 沉水植物 相对生长率 生物入侵 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]