水分胁迫对设施马铃薯叶片脱落酸和水分利用效率的影响研究  

Effect of Water Stress on ABA Content in Leaf and Water Use Efficiency of Facilities Potato

作　　者：田伟丽 王亚路 梅旭荣[2] 李玉中[2] 郭家选[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室/北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所水资源与旱作农业研究室,北京100081

出　　处：《作物杂志》2015年第1期103-108,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD32B03);国家自然科学基金项目(31471837)

摘　　要：采用盆栽方法，设置土壤相对含水量（RSM）为85％（对照）、65％、45％、25％，研究干旱胁迫对设施马铃薯全生育期叶片脱落酸（ABA）含量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。结果表明：马铃薯发棵期土壤相对含水量在25％-85％范围内，随着土壤水分胁迫强度的增加，马铃薯叶片ABA含量和StNCEDs（9-cis-epoxycarotenoiddioxygenase，9-顺式环氧类胡萝卜紊双加氧酶）基因的转录水平呈逐渐增加趋势，重度土壤水分胁迫情况下叶片ABA含量增加33％，StNCEDl基因转录提高4倍，而StNCED2基因转录提高9倍。在水分胁迫下马铃薯发棵期叶片水分状况发生不同变化。其中气孔导度呈下降趋势，在土壤相对含水量为45％时下降幅度最大，为81％，并且在同一时间内，土壤相对含水量为45％气孔开放最大；在不同的水分处理间，土壤相对含水量为25％的叶气温差最大，平均比对照高2℃；相反，随着土壤水分胁迫增加，叶水势和叶片相对含水量越来越小，日变化过程中在同一时刻，土壤相对含水量为45％时水分利用效率最高，在12：00和18：00达到了最高峰，分别为1．13μmol／mmol和1．15μmol／mmol。Four relative soil moisture contents [ 85 % （control） ,65 % ,45 % and 25 % ] were designed to study the im- pact of drought stress on ABA content in leaf and water use efficiencies of facilities potato for whole growing period by potted method. Results showed that with the increase of relative soil moisture stress, ABA content and StNCEDs gene transcription level in leaves gradually increased at tillering period with the relative soil moisture （RSM） con- tent from 25% to 85%. At RSm^25% ,ABA content increased by 33% and transcription of StNCED1 improved four times while StNCED2 improved 9 times. At tillering stage stomatal conductance showed a decreasing trend and the biggest decline was at RSM45 %, down 81%. At the same time, the maximum stomatal opening was at RSM45%. Between different water treatments ,the maximum leaf-air temperature was at RSM45%, higher than the control 2℃ averagely. On the contrary, with the increase of soil water stress, leaf water potential and leaf relative water content were smaller and smaller. At the same time, RSM45% had the highest water use efficiency, reaching peak at noon and afternoon with 1.13μ mol/mmol and 1.15 μmol/mmol respectively.

关 键 词：设施马铃薯 水分胁迫 脱落酸 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]