富F熔体-溶液流体体系的地球化学性状及成矿效应研究进展  

The progress of geochemical properties and metallogenic effect of F-rich silicate melt-solution fluid system

作　　者：赵博[1] 张德会[1] 张荣臻[1] 石成龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质科学》2015年第1期222-240,共19页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41373048);国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(编号:201411024)资助

摘　　要：F既是重要的岩浆挥发分,又是重要的助熔剂和矿化剂,同时也是克拉克值较大的元素之一,并且在(铝)硅酸盐熔体中高度可溶。本文从F的常见工业矿物和主要赋存形式、分配行为的多样性、对其它元素分配行为的影响、矿化作用(即亲氟元素在热液体系中的氟化物络合形式、存在环境和沉淀机制等)、萤石和冰晶石的溶解及沉淀机制以及富F岩浆一热液体系的成矿专属性及特征6个方面探讨了F的地球化学成矿作用。结论认为:F必须有能力大量进入与花岗质或伟晶岩质熔体共存的含水流体相中才具有进一步的成矿学意义,云英岩化、钠长石化、含黄玉—萤石石英脉、具有较高F/CaO比值的残余熔体以及F在高度演化花岗质岩浆中的过饱和等因素均可能导致含矿富F热液的出溶;但总体上,富F岩浆—热液体系具有成矿专属性的原因之一仍在于:F首先通过对熔体物理化学性质的影响间接支配着高场强亲氟元素如W、Sn、Nb、Ta、REE、U等的热液成矿效应。Fluorine is an important magmatic volatile phase with a relatively high clark value,which is not only a critical fluxing component but also a mineralizer.It is highly soluble in the aluminosilicate melt.This study discusses from both perspectives of melt and solution on the geochemical metallogenesis of fluorine in the following six respects：Common industrial minerals and extensive isomorphism of fluorine,the diversity of fluorine partitioning behavior,other elements＇ partitioning behavior influenced by fluorine,fluorine acting as a mineralizer （namely metal fluorine-bearing complexes as well as their living environment and precipitation mechanism）,the solution and precipitation of fluorite and cryolite,and the metallogenic specialization and characteristics of F-rich melt-solution fluid system.We conclude that：Fluorine is of further metallogeny significance if it is capable of largely entering the aqueous ore-bearing fluid coexisting with the residual granitic or pegmatitic melt,while during greisenization and albitization,within fluorite or topaz-bearing quartz-vein system,and when oversaturation of fluorine or having a higher F/CaO ratio in the highly evolved residual magma,it does.Generally,one of the probable causes of the metallogenic preference in F-rich meltsolution system still lies in that fluorine indirectly controls the hydrothermally metallogenic effect of the high field-strength and fluorine-affine elements,like W,Sn,Nb,Ta,REE,U and so on,first through the influence of fluorine on magmatic physicochemical properties.

关 键 词：氟 地球化学 特征标志 含水流体 氟化物络合物 分配行为 

分 类 号：P578.31[天文地球—矿物学] P611[天文地球—地质学]