变长工作面采场顶板破断机理的力学模型分析  

Mechanical model of fracture mechanism of stope roof for working face with variable length

作　　者：王新丰[1] 高明中[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2015年第1期36-45,共10页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51174002);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20103415110002)

摘　　要：为了深入研究变长工作面采场顶板的破断特征和垮落形态,以工作面长度由大变小的"刀把式"采场为研究背景,运用弹性薄板理论构建了5种不同支承边界条件下的顶板力学模型,通过理论计算得出了大小采面基本顶断裂前后的挠度、弯矩和应力变化,并理论分析了顶板破断的力学机理.研究表明:大面采场顶板首先在板边四周形成"O"形破断,而后在中部形成平面的"X"形破断,两者贯通后构成顶板的"O-X"型破断;小面采场顶板先在顶板中部形成空间"X"形破断,而后与四周形成的"O"形破断交合贯通构成顶板的"X-O"型破断.运用数值模拟方法探究了变长工作面采场顶板塑性区的分布范围和应力场的演化规律,模拟结果对大小采面的顶板破断形态进行了有力验证.In order to further study the fracture and caving characteristics of stope roof of working face with variable length,taking the various slope length from large to small working face as a study case,mechanical model of stope roof under five different boundary conditions was established by using elastic plate theory.The deflection,bending moment and stress distribution of stope roof with different length were obtained before and after basic roof breaks through theoretical calculation,and the fracture mechanism of stope roof was also analyzed theoretically.The research shows that stope roof of long-wall face firstly formed ＂ O＂ type fracture around the plate margin,then the plane ＂ X＂ type fracture was formed in the middle of the plate.Subsequently,the connection of ＂ O＂ and ＂ X＂ fracture resulted in ＂ O-X＂ shape.While the stope roof of short-wall face firstly formed ＂ X＂ type fracture in the middle of the plate,then the ＂ O＂ type fracture was formed in the plate margin, ＂ X-O＂ type fracture was formed due to the connection of them.Numerical simulation was adopted to analyze the distribution of plastic zone and evolution of stress field,which indicates the validation of fracture pattern of stope roof for long-wall and short-wall face.

关 键 词：变长工作面 采场顶板 破断机理 力学模型 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD31[矿业工程—矿井建设]