基于GIS的土地生态质量评价及影响因素分析——以平顶山市为例  

Land Ecological Quality Evaluation Based on GIS and Its Influencing Factors Analysis——A Case Study of Pingdingshan City

作　　者：张合兵[1] 陈宁丽 孙江锋[1] 刘明远[1] 李悦[1] 秦伟霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第1期62-69,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划(自然科学基金)项目(112300410283);国土资源部土地资源调查评价类项目(1211410781016);河南省政府决策研究招标课题(2014225)

摘　　要：以栅格为评价单元,从土地生态自然条件、结构状况、生态干扰和生态建设4个方面构建指标体系,运用ARCGIS软件与综合指数法对平顶山市土地生态质量进行评价,并对其影响因素进行分析,以期为该地区的土地利用和政策调整提供依据。结果表明:平顶山市不同地区土地生态质量差异明显,其中鲁山县中西部土地生态质量最好,处于优等级;鲁山县东部、汝州市、宝丰县、叶县、舞钢市为良好等级;郏县除城关镇外为中等级;郏县城关镇、湛河区的北渡镇和曹镇乡、新华区土地生态质量一般;石龙区、湛河区白龟山水库管理区、卫东区土地生态质量最差。土壤污染程度和人口密度是土地生态质量的主要影响因素,林地与防护林面积比例、无污染高等级耕地面积比例、生态基础设施用地面积比例和植被生物量为土地生态质量的限制因子。Taking the grid as evaluation units,the index system was established including land ecological natural conditions,structural conditions,ecological disturbance and ecological construction,the quality of land ecological quality was evaluated by ARCGIS software and synthetic index method,and the influencing factors were analyzed,so as to provide reference for land use and policy adjustment.The results showed that the land ecological quality in different region of Pingdingshan city was obviously different,the land ecological quality was excellent in the midwest of Lushan county; the land ecological quality were good in the east of Lushan county,Ruzhou city,Baofeng county,Yexian county and Wugang city; the land ecological quality was medium in Jiaxian county except Chengguan town; the land ecological quality was fair in Chengguan town of Jiaxian county,Beidu town and Caozhen country of Zhanhe district,and Xinhua district; the land ecological quality was poor in Baiguishan reservoir management zone of Zhanhe district,Shilong district and Weidong district.The major influence factors of land ecological quality were the extent of soil contamination and population density,the limiting factors were proportion of forest land and protection forest,proportion of no-pollution high grade cultivated land,proportion of ecological infrastructure and plant biomass.

关 键 词：土地生态 综合指数法 障碍度 质量等级 ARCGIS 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]