混凝土泵高低压切换阀典型管网液流特性  

Flowing characteristics of typical pipeline network of pressure switching valve block in concrete pump

作　　者：侯占勇[1] 胡军科[1] 周创辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410012 [2]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期168-174,共7页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：针对混凝土泵泵送过程中高低压切换阀压力损失的严重问题,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,结合油液流动特性对阀块管网结构进行优化设计。以混凝土泵高低压切换阀内典型的"∏"型孔道为研究对象,在Fluent中对流道结构进行建模和仿真,通过数值模拟得到了流道内压力、速度等参数的分布和变化规律,分析了刀尖角方向和工艺孔属性对管道压力损失的影响。同时在HBT80S1813型拖泵上用改进前后的2种阀块做了对比试验。仿真结果表明:液流方向正对刀尖角时管道压力损失较小;管网阻力随工艺孔通径的增大而减小,超过最大工艺孔通径后压力损失不再明显变化;工艺孔有效长度大于1.5倍工艺孔通径时,管网压力损失随工艺孔有效长度的增大而增加;工艺孔冗余腔的长短对管网压力损失没有明显影响;按仿真结果优化后的阀块压力损失明显减少,系统发热得到改善,证实了理论分析和仿真结果的正确性,研究结果可为阀块流道的结构设计及优化提供理论依据。In view of the serious pressure loss of the pressure exchanging valve in the pumping process of the concrete pump and the flow characteristics of oil, the structure of the pipeline network was optimized by using the method of computational fluid dynamics. Taking the typical type pipe in pressure switc- hing valve of concrete pump as research object, this paper completed the modeling and simulation of the pipeline by using Fluent software. Through numerical modeling, the distribution and change rule of pressure, velocity and other parameters of the runner were obtained. The impact of the attributes of the auxiliary hole and the direction of the nose angle on the pressure loss of pipeline was analyzed, and the simulation result was verified by test. The simulation results show that the pressure loss is smaller when the flow direction is directly facing the tool angle; Network resistance will decrease while auxiliary hole diameter increases, and pressure loss will not keep unchanged until anxiliary hole diameter achieves to the maximum; when anxiliary hole effective length is more than 1.5 times of the diameter, network pressure loss will increase with the increase of auxiliary hole effective length; The length of redundancy cavity of the auxiliary hole has no clear impact on the pressure loss of the pipeline network. After taking a contrast test of original and improved valve block in HBTSOS1813 concrete pump, it＇s discovered that the latter^s pressure loss obviously decreases and the system fever is improved, which confirm the accu- racy of theoretical analysis and simulation results. The study result can provide theory basis for designing and optimizing pipeline network. 1 tab, 11 figs, 11 refs.

关 键 词：机械工程 混凝土泵 高低压切换阀 CFD仿真 压力损失 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]