基于GIS-Logistic耦合模型的下辽河平原景观格局变化驱动机制分析  

Driving mechanism analysis of landscape pattern change in the lower reach of liaohe river plain based on gis-logistic coupling model

作　　者：孙才志[1,2] 闫晓露 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,大连116029 [2]辽宁省自然地理与空间信息科学重点实验室,大连116029

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第24期7280-7292,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20122136110003);国家自然科学基金(40501013)

摘　　要：以东北三省开发强度最大的辽河中下游地区—下辽河平原为研究对象,从自然因素和人文因素两个方面,构建下辽河平原景观格局演变的驱动机制指标体系,其中自然驱动力包括气候因素、DEM提取值;人文驱动力主要包括人口状况、经济发展、人民生活水平和科学技术进步四大方面。利用美国地质勘探局(USGS)长时间序列的遥感影像数据,获取了下辽河平原1980—2010年地表景观格局的分布特征,提取下辽河平原近30年来各景观类型的空间分布信息,根据各景观类型面积增长和消退的演变规律,利用Logistic回归模型分析不同时间段下景观格局演变的驱动机制,结果表明:1耕地面积的先增后减,林地、草地面积的先减后增,以及建设用地面积的持续增加是研究区景观格局演变的主要特征;2Logistic回归模型分析的结果表明,不同时期内景观类型变化的驱动因子及其影响力存在一定的差异,但是总体来讲,在中小尺度下,自然驱动因素相对于人文驱动因素的影响较弱,人口、经济发展、城市化水平、技术等因子对于下辽河平原各景观类型的变化具有较强的驱动作用。The pattern of a landscape is formed by a spatial mosaic arrangement of natural and / or man-made structures of differing sizes and shapes. It is not only the manifestation of landscape heterogeneity,but also the consequence of various ecological processes that interfere on different scales. Studying the dynamic changes of landscapes can help determine potential order within apparently chaotic patterns,and reveal the mechanisms of interaction between landscape patterns and ecological processes. This facilitates the simulation,forecasting,and control of the direction,process,and effects of landscape pattern change. However,in recent decades,because of the increase in anthropogenic activities and urbanization,the conflict between humans and land has become increasingly prominent. Many scholars have exploited the development of RS and GIS technology to analyze the mechanisms of landscape pattern change. The scientific management of landscape patterns can be useful both in facilitating the protection of the environment and in encouraging sustainable development of ecological systems. This paper provides a case study of the lower reaches of the Liaohe River Plain,which is one of the areas of most intense human development in northeastern China. It has an enormous population and a long history of land development. Following the recent rapid development of the regional economy,the landscape patterns have changeddramatically in the study area with accelerated soil erosion just one consequence of the intense development. Therefore,for sustainable development and management of landscape patterns,the analysis of the driving mechanisms behind landscape pattern change in the lower reaches of Liaohe River Plain is urgently required. In this study,an index system of the driving mechanisms behind landscape evolution in the lower reaches of the Liaohe River Plain is built with consideration of two aspects： natural driving forces and anthropogenic driving forces. The former includes precipitation,temperature,elevation,and gradie

关 键 词：下辽河平原 景观格局变化 LOGISTIC模型 驱动机制 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] P208