男男性行为者艾滋病感染危险认知及影响因素分析  

Analysis on risk perception of AIDS infection and its influencing factors in MSM

作　　者：王毅[1] 李六林[1] 张光贵 樊静[3] 赵西和[1] 贾蜀光[1] 周力[3] 龙星[3] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心,四川绵阳621000 [2]绵阳市卫生局 [3]绵阳同志关爱小组

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2014年第12期1416-1419,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省第四轮全球基金/中英艾滋病项目(项目编号:GF4SC2008012)

摘　　要：目的了解男男性行为者(MSM)艾滋病感染危险认知现状,分析影响因素。方法 2011年9月-2012年3月在四川省绵阳市结合滚雪球采样法,采用自行设计的调查表,由专门人员面对面进行行为学和血清学调查。结果共调查405名,自认艾滋病感染风险很大0.8%、较大9.5%、较小82.5%、无风险7.3%,相应危险认知艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染率分别依次为66.7%、5.3%、4.9%、6.9%(χ2似然比=8.267,P=0.041)。多因素分析,危险认知独立影响因素为:年龄、近1年接受HIV咨询或检测、近6月肛交数、近6月无保护性主动肛交、有/有过固定男友(BF),年龄≤25岁、近1年未接受过HIV咨询或检测、近6月肛交人数≥2、近6月有无保护性主动肛交、没有/没有过BF艾滋病感染风险认知的概率较高。结论 MSM艾滋病危险认知普遍缺乏,高危行为与危险认知呈正相关,揭示MSM艾滋病防治面临的困惑和挑战。如何解决危险认知缺失和将危险认知有效向行为改变转化是防治工作的难点和重点。Objective To investigate the current status of risk perception of AIDS infection in men who have sex with men （MSM） and to analyze its influencing factors.Method With self-designed questionnaires and snowball sampling,face-to -face behavioral surveys and serological investigations by professionals were conducted in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province from September 2011 to March 2012.Results A total of 405 men were investigated.There were four different self-perceived risk levels of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infection,and the awareness rates of the highest risk,higher risk,lower risk and risk-free were 0.8%,9.5%,82.5% and 7.3% respectively.The HIV infection rates of MSM with the corresponding selfperceived risk levels were 66.7%,5.3 %,4.9% and 6.9% respectively （χ^2 likclihood ratio =8.267,P =0.041）.The multivariate analysis indicated that the factors influencing MSM＇s risk perception were age,acceptance of HIV counseling and testing in recent one year,the number of anal sex in recent six months,unprotected and active anal sex in recent six months and having a regular boyfriend （BF）.A higher rate of risk perception of HIV infection was observed in MSM aged ≤25 years,without acceptance of AIDS counseling and testing in recent one year,with the number of anal sex in recent six months ≥ 2,with unprotected and active anal sex in recent six months and without a BF.Conclusions The MSM are generally devoid of risk perception of HIV infection,moreover,the high-risk behavior is positively correlated with the risk perception.Thus we are facing puzzles and challenges in AIDS prevention and treatment among MSM.How to handle the risk perception deficits and how to transform risk perception into behavior alteration are the difficulty and emphasis of AIDS prevention and therapy.

关 键 词：男男性行为者 艾滋病 危险认知 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]