生物质热解过程中氮转化规律的试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION IN BIOMASS PYROLYSIS

作　　者：高攀[1] 孙志向 孔岩[1] 周建强[1] 董长青[1] 杨勇平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学生物质发电成套设备国家工程实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2014年第12期2541-2546,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51206045);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(12QN13;12ZP02)

摘　　要：采用TG-FTIR联用技术在氩气氛围下研究稻草、麦秆、杨木3种生物质热解过程中4种主要的含氮组分NH3、HCN、HNCO及NO的释放特性,并考察焦炭-N的产率。结果表明:在所选取的3种生物质热解过程中,4种含氮组分的释放趋势均与TG-DTG曲线一致,热解后期(温度高于500℃)释放较少;不同生物质热解,4种含氮组分的释放规律有较大差异,且相对产量分布不同。3种生物质NH3和HCN的相对产量明显高于HNCO和NO,NH3最高,HCN次之,两者之和占70%以上。随着生物质中H/N质量比的增大,NH3的相对产量增加,HCN的相对产量先增加后减少,HCN/NH3物质的量之比逐渐减小。杨木热解过程中气相氮释放较少,燃料氮81.50%存在于焦炭中,而稻草和麦秆中大部分燃料氮随挥发分析出,焦炭氮产率分别为29.97%和33.45%。The release behaviors of four nitrogen-containing species such as NH3, HCN, HNCO and NO during the rice straw, wheat straw and poplar wood pyrolysis were studied by thermo gravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared （TG -FTIR） spectrometer in argon atmosphere. The yield of char-N was also studied. The results show that the release trends of the four nitrogen-containing species accord with the TG-DTG curves during pyrolysis of the three kinds of biomass, and the yields are little in the later stage （ 〉500 ~C ） of pyrolysis. As for different biomass pyrolysis, release characteristics of nitrogen-containing species are different significantly, the distribution of their relative yields is also different. The yields of NH3 and HCN are higher than HNCO and NO, both can account for over 70% of total yields of the four nitrogen-containing species, and NH3 is the higher than HCN. With the increase of H/N mass ratio, the relative yield of NH3 increases, and HCN increases firstly and then decreases, while HCN/NH3 ratio decreases gradually. There are 81.50% of fuel-N transform into char-N during the poplar wood pyrolysis, just a little of volatile-N releases. On the contrary, fuel-N mainly transforms into volatile-N during the rice straw and the wheat straw pyrolysis, and the yields of char-N are 29.97% and 33.45%, respectively.

关 键 词：生物质 热重-傅里叶红外光谱 热解 氮转化 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]