福州地区2006-2013年自愿无偿献血人群年龄分布及其变化趋势  

Research on the voluntary blood donor's age distribution and its changing trend in Fuzhou from 2006 to 2013

作　　者：赖东生[1] 吴建忠[1] 曾嘉[1] 严伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省血液中心,福建福州350004

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2014年第12期1337-1340,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的探讨近年来福州地区自愿无偿献血者年龄分布特征及其影响因素,为改进和完善献血者招募策略提供依据。方法收集福州地区2006-2013年全部自愿无偿献血者(601 913人次)年龄等相关信息,采用全样本统计描述分析。结果福州地区自愿无偿献血人群中,18-25岁年龄组献血者比例从2008年的56.53%(42 605/75 372)持续下降至2013年的37.19%(30 805/82 842),其他年龄组则呈小幅增长趋势;18-25岁年龄组中,女性献血者占51.68%(155 184/300 297),略高于男性献血者(48.32%,145 113/300 297),其他年龄组中女性献血者占比依次为33.95%(47 515/139 959)、38.74%(41 896/108 134)、37.95%(19 624/51 708)和26.72%(485/1 815),均明显低于男性献血者;高校献血点、城区街头献血车、城区固定献血屋、单位团体、郊县街头献血者中18-25岁年龄组的比例依次为98.21%(75 865/77 246)、48.02%(117 529/244 728)、47.01%(72 762/154 778)、23.70%(10 153/42842)和21.61%(7 181/33 225);郊县街头36-45岁年龄组的献血者比例为36.03%(11 971/33 225),约为城区街头的2倍;全血献血者中18-25岁年龄组的比例51.28%(283 490/552 813)高于成分献血者34.23%(16 807/49100),其他年龄组则相反;血液检测项目HBV和TP检测不合格率随着献血者年龄组增大而升高,到36-45岁年龄组呈现高峰,之后逐渐下降,呈现两端低中间高的分布特征。结论福州地区自愿无偿献血者的年龄在不断变化,青年献血群体呈下降趋势,提示要适时调整献血者招募策略。Objective To improve the recruitment strategies of blood donors through analysis of the characteristics of age distribution and the factors influencing voluntary blood donors in Fuzhou. Methods Data on the volunteer blood donors in Fuzhou from 2006 to 2013, including their age and other relevant information, were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results The proportion of blood donors in 18 - 25age group dropped from 56.53% （42, 605/75,372） in 2008 to 37.19% （30, 805/82, 842） in 2013, which showed a slight increase in other age groups. The proportion of female blood donors （51.68% , 155, 184/300, 297） was higher than that of male （48. 32%, 145, 113/300, 297） in the 18 -25 age group. In other age groups, the proportions of female donors were 33.95% （47,515/139,959）, 38.74% （41,896/108, 134）, 37.95% （19,624/51,708） and 26.72% （485/1,815）, which were lower than those of male blood donors. In different donation sites, the highest proportion （98.21%, 75, 865/ 77, 246） of the 18 - 25 years old age group was observed in college. The proportions of urban blood donation mobile and fixed blood donation sessions were 48.02% （ 117, 529/244, 728） and 47.01% （72, 762/154, 778） ; the proportions of sub- urban blood donation mobile and the reserved unit group were 21.61% （7, 181/33, 225） and 23. 70% （10, 153/42, 842）, respectively. Among the 36 -45 age group, the proportion （36.03%, 11, 971/33, 225 ） of suburban blood donation mobile collections were twice as much as in urban sites. For the different blood donation procedures, the proportion of the whole blood donors was 51.28% （283,490/552, 813） against the apheresis donors （34. 23%, 16, 807/49, 100） among the 18 - 25 age group, that was in contrast to the other age groups. The unqualified rate in detection of Hepatitis B virus iu blood do- nors （HBV） and syphilis （TP） increased with age： the 36 -45 year old age group exhibited a peak, followed by a gradual decrease to the two extreme ends

关 键 词：无偿献血 献血者年龄 献血者招募 福州 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R457.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]