南方红豆杉小孢子发生与雄配子体发育  

Microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte in Taxus chinensis var. mairei

作　　者：肖玉菲[1] 徐刚标[1] 梁文斌[1] 刘雄盛[1] 胡尚力[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《广西植物》2014年第6期754-762,共9页Guihaia

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201104033)

摘　　要：采用石蜡切片法,对南方红豆杉小孢子发生及雄配子体发育过程进行了系统地观察。结果表明:南方红豆杉小孢子叶球于7月下旬分化,9月中旬形成造孢细胞,11月初形成小孢子母细胞;同一小孢子叶球中的小孢子母细胞表现出发育不同步现象;11中旬,进入减数分裂时期,形成游离小孢子后休眠越冬,于翌年1月下旬逐渐成熟,成熟花粉粒为单核;2月中下旬开始散粉,散粉时间持续15 d左右。花粉落入胚珠后,经过3次分裂形成管细胞、柄细胞和2个精子;管细胞和柄细胞最终退化解体,未见花粉败育现象。认为南方红豆杉小孢子发生与雄配子体发育正常,不是致其濒危的主要原因。Microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte of Taxus chinensis var.mairei were observed u-sing the paraffin wax section.The results were as follows：the staminate strobilus differentiated in the late July,spo-rogenous cells occurred in the mid-September,and microspore mother cells were formed at the beginning of Novem-ber.The development of microspore mother cell was not synchronous in a single staminate strobilus.Meiosis occurred in the middle of November.Before early December staminate strobilus contained separated microspores.The mature pollen which was mononuclear formed in late January next year.The pollen began to shed in mid to late February. The shedding time lasted for fifteen days or so.The pollen divided into two sperms,one tube cell and stalk cell by mi-tosis three times after falling into the ovule.The tube cell and stalk cell degenerated,but pollen abortion was not was observed.So,we included that the microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte of T .chinensis var. mairei were not the endangered factors for this species.

关 键 词：南方红豆杉 雄配子体 小孢子母细胞 濒危机制 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]