农村乡镇卫生技术人员培训状况及效果评价  

Assessment of Training Status and Effect of Township Health Technical Personnel in Rural Area

作　　者：赵洋[1,2] 潘文[1] 赵世超[3] 王海鹏[3] 张敏敏[1,2] 刘晓云[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国卫生发展研究中心,北京100191 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [3]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心卫生部卫生经济与政策研究重点实验室,济南250012

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2014年第12期22-25,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：国家卫生部第五次国家卫生服务调查专题项目

摘　　要：目的研究旨在分析乡镇卫生技术人员培训数量变化及效果,比较不同人员类型人员间培训的差异,并针对存在问题提出切实的政策建议,以有利于改善农村基层卫生人员的培训质量,推动城乡基本公共卫生服务均等化。方法研究采取多阶段分层抽样方法,选取我国东中西部地区三省份,共计9个县,45所乡镇卫生院;通过χ2检验,比较不同人员培训机会和效果评价之间差异;采用一般线性回归方法,分析人员培训次数对其专业知识水平的影响。结果调查乡镇卫生院卫生技术人员,一年有71.2%参加过培训,年均培训次数为5.70次,相比2010年增加明显;防保人员对医改后培训数量和质量变化,及培训机会评价方面,明显好于其他人员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);人员培训对其专业知识测验得分影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论医改后,乡镇卫生技术人员培训数量增加明显,但多是一天内短期培训,且培训次数对人员知识水平提升作用不明显,应重视培训工作的实际效果,建立具体细致的培训考核评价制度;平衡培训数量、时间和人员类型,统筹协调防保人员和其它人员的培训;敢于尝试适合农村基层的有效模式,积极借鉴"送上去"与"请下来"相结合的培训方式。OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the changes in the number of township health technical personnel training and the effect of different types of health workers, the comparison of the differences between personnel training, and put forward the policy proposal in view of the existing problems, in order to improve the quality of health personnel training and promote the equalization of basic public health services in both urban and rural areas. METHODS The study adopted a muhi-stage stratified sampling method, se- lecting three provinces from eastern, central and western regions in China, a total of 9 counties, 45 township health centers; it used Chi-square test to evaluate the differences of personnel training opportunities and effect; using the general linear regression method, to analyze the impact of staff training times on their professional knowledge level. RESULTS 71.2% of health technical personnel in township hospitals had participated in the training during one year, and annual training times is 5.70, increasing significantly com- pared to 2010; quality and quantity changes of training, and evaluation of opportunities for training, health care workers are significantly better than other people, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; the influence of personnel training for their professional knowledge test scores had no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION The training times of township health technical personnel increased significantly, but more of them is in a day or the short-term training, and the training times of personnel could not enhance the level of their professional knowledge; it should pay more attention to the actual effect of training, establish specific and detailed evaluation system of training; balance training quantity, time and types of health technical personnel, and dare to try the effective mode suitable to the basic unit countryside effectively take reffevence of ＂sending out＂ and ＂introdcing＂ combined training methods.

关 键 词：乡镇卫生院 卫生人员培训 效果评价 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学]