洞庭湖不同条件下小天鹅形态指标测定  

The Mensuration of Morphological Characters of Tundra Swan(Cygnus columbianus) in Different Conditions

作　　者：徐正刚[1] 周立波[1] 黄田[1] 廖嘉欣 王耕[1] 赵运林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南城市学院,益阳413000 [2]中南林业科技大学,长沙410000

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2014年第4期436-439,共4页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研基金资助项目(201304310);湖南省科技计划重点项目(2014CK2001);湖南省大学生研究性创新性项目"洞庭湖小天鹅食性研究"资助

摘　　要：鸟类形态指标是遗传与环境要素综合作用的结果,对于鸟类分类学和生态学具有十分重要的意义。研究选取人工救助的小天鹅和洞庭湖不同越冬期的小天鹅进行形态指标测定,首次对生活在洞庭湖的小天鹅形态指标进行了报道,并进一步比较了饲养条件下小天鹅形态指标与野外条件下小天鹅形态指标。通过比较洞庭湖不同时期越冬小天鹅形态指标,显示迁走前期小天鹅体重大于稳定期小天鹅体重,以便为长距离迁徙储备能量。研究讨论了小天鹅古北亚种和新北亚种形态指标,认为二者翼长、爪长、跗蹠、喙长、体重等形态指标不存在明显差异。对小天鹅形态指标的测定为小天鹅理论研究和保护提供了基础资料,对小天鹅生物学研究和保护具有重要意义。Morphological characters are determined by genetic and environmental factors and are important for taxonomy and ecology. Captive and wild tundra swan （Cygnus columbianus）were sampled and their morphological characters were mensurated in the study. This is the first report of the morphological characters of tundra swan from Dongting Lake. Morphological characters were compared between captive and wild swans. Body weights of swans before migration were heavier than during other periods. Storing energy for migration could explain this morphometric variation. We compared differences in morphological characters of two sub-species of tundra swan： wing length, middle toe, diagonal tarsus, exposed culmen and body weight were similar. The mensuration of morphological characters of tundra swan provides basic information for further study and protection of the tundra swan population.

关 键 词：小天鹅 形态指标 洞庭湖 体重 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]