鸡肥与化肥配施对杨树苗根系形态和根际土壤微环境特征的影响  

Effect of Chicken Manure Co-applied with Inorganic Fertilizer on Root Morphological and Micro-environment Characteristics in Poplar Seedlings Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：刘晓[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]德州学院生态与园林建筑学院,山东德州253023 [2]山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第5期80-84,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题"杨树超高产栽培关键技术研究"

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,研究了N100(尿素提供100%的氮),M10N90(鸡粪和尿素分别提供10%和90%的氮),M30N70(鸡粪和尿素分别提供30%和70%的氮)和M50N50(鸡粪和尿素各提供50%的氮)等处理对1年生鲁林1号杨树苗根系形态及根际微环境特征的影响。结果表明,与N100处理相比,M30N70处理显著增加了杨树苗的根表面积、比根表面积、总根长和根体积;明显提高了根系分泌物中氨基酸总量、有机酸总量和总糖含量;同时,还显著提高了根际土壤中氮、磷、钾及部分微量元素的有效性,但降低了pH值。此外,不同施肥处理对腐殖质组成亦产生了较大影响,M30N70处理降低了胡敏素/腐殖酸的比率,而明显提高了胡敏酸含量和胡敏酸/富里酸的比率。同M30N70处理相比,M10N90和M50N50处理对杨树苗的影响较小。因此,鸡粪与化肥以3∶7比例搭配对杨树苗根系形态特征和根际生态环境的作用效果最佳,从而更有利于提高杨树苗的移栽成活率。A pot experiment including five treatments of CK（neither urea nor chicken manure was applied）,N100（100% of nitrogen was provided by urea）,M10N90（10% and 90% of nitrogen was provided by chicken manure and urea,respectively）,M30N70（30% and 70% of nitrogen was provided by chicken manure and urea,respectively）,and M50N50（50% and 50% of nitrogen was provided by chicken manure and urea,respectively）was conducted to evaluate the effects of chicken manure co-applied with inorganic fertilizer on root morphological characteristics and ecological environment of 1-year PopulusבLulin-1＇seedlings rhizosphere soil.The results indicated that in comparison to N100 treatment,M30N70treatment significantly increased the root surface area,specific root surface area,total root length and root volume,and obviously increased the content of total amino acids,total organic acids and total sugars in root exudates.In the meantime,M30N70 treatment apparently increased available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and trace element contents,but decreased the pH value in the rhizosphere soil.Besides,different fertilizer treatments had great effects on humus composition of rhizosphere soil.M30N70 treatment decreased the ratio of humin to humic acid,while significantly increased the humic acid contents and the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid.However,in M10N90 and M50N50treatments,less effects on poplar seedlings was observed than that in M30N70 treatment.In conclusion,chicken manure co-applied with inorganic fertilizer,especially M30N70 treatment,is beneficial to the root morphological characteristics and ecological environment at rhizosphere soil,which is importance to increase the transplanting survival rate of poplar seedlings.

关 键 词：鲁林1号杨 鸡粪有机肥 根系形态特征 根系分泌物 腐殖质 

分 类 号：S157.41[农业科学—土壤学]