根剪措施对欧美I-107杨根际土壤生物学特征的短期影响  

Short-term Effects of Root Pruning on Biological Characteristics in Rhizosphere Soil of Poplar Clone 107

作　　者：李夏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]德州学院生态与园林建筑学院,山东德州253023 [2]山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第5期202-207,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题"杨树超高产栽培关键技术研究"

摘　　要：以5年生欧美I-107杨为试材,分析了6倍胸径两侧和四侧,8倍胸径两侧和四侧,10倍胸径两侧和四侧的不同根剪措施对杨树根际土壤生物学特征的影响。结果表明:(1)同对照相比,8倍胸径两侧根剪处理显著增加了根际土壤中有效磷、有机质含量及根系分泌物中氨基酸总量和有机酸总量。并且显著提高了根际土壤中微生物数量和土壤酶活性。其中脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶和蔗糖酶活性分别比对照提高了20.61%,18.87%,36.92%和22.97%,但明显降低了有效氮含量和pH值;(2)与8倍胸径两侧根剪处理相比,10倍胸径两侧和四侧以及8倍胸径四侧的根剪处理对杨树根际土壤理化性状及生物学特性的改善作用有所减弱,但仍明显强于对照,而6倍胸径两侧和四侧根剪处理的影响作用最弱。综合分析认为,8倍胸径两侧的根剪措施对杨树根际微生态环境的改善效果最佳。The root system of five-year-old Populus×euramericanacv.‘Neva＇were manually pruned with a sharp spade at distances of six,eight and ten times DBH（diameter at breast height）from both two sides or four sides prior to buds break,to analyze the effects of different root pruning treatments on biological characteristics of the rhizosphere soil.The results indicated that：（1）The root pruning treatment of eight times DBH from two sides significantly increased the concentrations of the available P and organic matter in the rhizosphere soil,and increased total amino acids and total organic acids in the root exudates in contrast to the control.At the same time,the microbial populations and enzymes activities in the rhizosphere soil were also enhanced,showing 20.61%,18.87%,36.92% and 22.97% increases in the activities of urease,alkaline phosphatase,polyphenol oxidase and invertase enzymes compared to the control,respectively.However,the root pruning treatment of eight times DBH from two sides obviously decreased the available N concentration and pH value in the rhizosphere soil.（2）In comparison with the root pruning treatment of eight times DBH from two sides,the root pruning treatments of eight times DBH from four sides,ten times DBH from two sides,as well as ten times DBH from four sides had less effect on inproving physio-chemical and biological characteristics of poplar rhizosphere soil,which were still better than the control.In addition,the root pruning treatments of six times DBH from two sides as well as from four sides had the least effect on the physiochemical and biological characteristics in the rhizosphere soil among all the treatments.In conclusion,the root pruning was beneficial to the ecological environment of rhizosphere soil at the eight times DBH distance along both inter-row sides.

关 键 词：欧美I-107杨 根剪 根际土壤 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]